扩展暗物体对引力波的衍射
Diffraction of gravitational waves by extended dark objects
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文研究扩展暗物体对引力波的衍射效应，证明有限尺寸效应在透镜半径超过阈值时显著，当前及未来引力波数据可对此类物体提供互补约束并探测暗扇区参数空间。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
许多暗扇区模型预言了暗物体（如孤子和暗星）的形成，这些物体可通过其对引力波（GW）的引力透镜效应进行搜寻。尽管这些物体在大小和致密性上差异很大，但大多数引力波透镜研究都集中于点状透镜。当扩展透镜的有限尺寸超过其爱因斯坦半径时，该尺寸效应变得重要。我们评估了扩展透镜对引力波波形产生的频率相关效应，并证明这些效应可通过当前和未来的引力波数据进行探测。虽然与点状极限相比，有限尺寸效应会削弱对这些物体中暗物质占比的约束，但当前引力波数据为透镜质量在$10^2M_\odot$至$10^5M_\odot$之间的其他引力测试提供了互补性约束；未来的LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA数据和下一代观测站将超越其灵敏度。正如预期，我们发现当透镜半径超过$\sim \text{few} \times 10^{6}R_\odot (M_L/100 M_\odot)^{1/2}$时，有限尺寸效应变得重要。在特定模型（一个简单的耗散暗扇区和轴子星）中解释这些约束，我们表明当前和未来的观测探测了微观物理参数空间的重要部分。
英文摘要
Many dark sector models predict the formation of dark objects, such as solitons and dark stars, which can be searched for through their gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs). Although these objects vary widely in size and compactness, most GW lensing studies have focused on point-like lenses. The finite size of an extended lens is important when it exceeds its Einstein radius. We evaluate the frequency-dependent effects on GW waveforms from extended lenses and demonstrate that they can be probed with current and future GW data. While finite-size effects can weaken the bounds on the fraction of dark matter in these objects compared to the point-like limit, current GW data provides complementary constraints to other gravitational tests for lens masses between $10^2M_\odot$ and $10^5M_\odot$; future LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data and next-generation observatories will surpass their sensitivity. As expected, we find that the finite-size effects are important when the lens radius exceeds $\sim \text{few} \times 10^{6}R_\odot (M_L/100 M_\odot)^{1/2}$. Interpreting these constraints within specific models (a simple dissipative dark sector and axion stars), we show that current and future observations probe significant portions of the microphysical parameter space.
发表机构
- York University（约克大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
