强驱动光学纳米天线的超快电子发射的动量显微术
Momentum microscopy of ultrafast electron emission from a strongly driven optical nanoantenna
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究结合光发射电子显微镜与动量显微镜，对双孔纳米天线进行强场实验，揭示了抖动与亚周期两类电子轨迹的不同发射特征，展示了纳米尺度强场控制电子的潜力。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
金属纳米结构与飞秒激光相结合，是一个非常适合通过强且纳米局域的驱动场来控制光电子的平台，对于超快、相干的电子发射器和拍赫兹电子学具有高度相关性。光电子能谱可以解析此类光电子动力学，但缺乏纳米级空间分辨率，因此仅适用于单个发射器或均匀阵列。我们报道了首个结合光发射电子显微镜和动量显微镜的强场实验，这两种互补技术在同一仪器内提供空间和动量分辨率。我们将这种新方法应用于具有亚10纳米尖端半径的双孔纳米天线，展示了该方法利用少周期光场控制异质纳米结构样品中光电子的潜力。我们的测量揭示了近场中两类电子轨迹的显著特征。抖动轨迹导致定向的、角度更聚焦的发射，而亚周期轨迹则产生更宽的横向动量分布。令人惊讶的是，这一观察结果与先前报道的纳米尖端发射器的发射特性不一致，我们将其归类为由超短光场驱动的更广泛一类弯曲发射器表面的特例。这既展示了精密电子检测方法的影响，也展示了在纳米尺度几何结构中强场控制电子的潜力。
英文摘要
Metallic nanostructures in combination with femtosecond lasers are a well-suited platform for the control of photoelectrons by strong and nano-localized driving fields, with high relevance for ultrafast, coherent electron emitters and petahertz electronics. Photoelectron spectroscopy resolves such photoelectron dynamics, but lacks nanoscale spatial resolution, making it only suited for single emitters or homogeneous arrays. We report the first strong-field experiment combining both photoemission electron microscopy and momentum microscopy, two complementary techniques providing spatial and momentum resolution within the same instrument. We apply this new methodology to a double-hole nanoantenna with sub-10 nm apex radii, demonstrating the potential of this approach for the control of photoelectrons in heterogeneous nanostructured samples using few-cycle light fields. Our measurements reveal distinct signatures of two classes of electron trajectories in the near-field. Quiver trajectories result in directed, angularly more focused emission, whereas subcycle trajectories give rise to a broader transverse momentum distribution. Surprisingly, this observation disagrees with previously reported emission characteristics from nanotip emitters, which we classify as a special case of a broader class of curved emitter surfaces driven by ultrashort light fields. This demonstrates both the impact of sophisticated electron detection methods and the potential of strong-field control of electrons in nanoscale geometries.
发表机构
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg（奥尔登堡卡尔·冯·奥西茨基大学）
- ELI ALPS, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC（ELI ALPS，极端光基础设施ERIC）
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology（莱布尼兹光子技术研究所）
- Universität Würzburg（维尔茨堡大学）
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena（耶拿弗里德里希·席勒大学）
- HUN-REN Wigner Research Center for Physics（匈牙利科学院Wigner物理研究中心）
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