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arXiv 2609.13115cs.CEcs.DCphysics.comp-ph

极端规模下1亿原子的线性标度Kohn-Sham DFT:弥合量子模拟与实验的鸿沟

Extreme-Scale Linear-Scaling Kohn-Sham DFT at 100 Million Atoms: Bridging Quantum Simulations and Experiments

Qimen Xu, Yu Zhang, Dixing Ni, Lei Gao, Guangnan Feng, Qinrui Zheng, Jianting Liu, Haitian Lu, Zhaopeng Jia, Wei Xue, Shriram Chandran, Torsten Hoefler, Haohuan Fu, Yutong Lu

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中文总结 AI 辅助

提出线性标度DFT框架XLSDFT,在百亿亿次超算上实现2亿原子硅晶体模拟,性能达157.9 Pflop/s,并模拟1100万原子电池界面,与实验定量吻合。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

Kohn-Sham密度泛函理论(DFT)仍是从头算材料模拟的主力方法,然而其三次方的计算复杂度和二次方的内存复杂度将计算限制在数百至数千个原子,仅覆盖纳米尺度,远低于实验相关的长度尺度。我们提出了XLSDFT,一种基于单粒子密度矩阵的分治分解和Chebyshev滤波子空间迭代的线性标度DFT框架,在保持DFT精度的同时实现了线性的计算和内存标度。部署在LineShine百亿亿次超级计算机上,XLSDFT将计算复杂度降低了数个数量级,实现了前所未有的DFT规模:一个2亿原子的硅晶体,是先前纪录的二十倍。我们的实现达到了96.6%的弱扩展效率,并在1亿原子的标度研究中持续达到157.9 Pflop/s(FP64)的性能。我们进一步模拟了一个具有空前复杂度的1100万原子全固态电池界面,比此类系统的先前DFT模拟大1000倍,以原子分辨率揭示了锂金属如何与固态电解质反应,与光谱实验定量一致。

英文摘要

Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) remains the workhorse of ab initio materials simulation, yet cubic computational and quadratic memory scaling have confined calculations to a few hundred to thousands of atoms, spanning only nanometers, far below experimentally relevant length scales. We introduce XLSDFT, a linear-scaling DFT framework based on divide-and-conquer decomposition of the one-particle density matrix and Chebyshev-filtered subspace iteration, achieving linear computational and memory scaling while retaining DFT accuracy. Deployed on the LineShine exascale supercomputer, XLSDFT reduces computational complexity by orders of magnitude, enabling unprecedented DFT scale: a 200-million-atom silicon crystal, twentyfold beyond the prior record. Our implementation achieves 96.6% weak-scaling efficiency and sustained 157.9 Pflop/s (FP64) for a 100-million-atom scaling study. We further simulate an 11-million-atom all-solid-state battery interface of unprecedented complexity, 1,000 times beyond prior DFT for such systems, revealing how lithium metal reacts with the solid electrolyte at atomic resolution, in quantitative agreement with spectroscopy experiments.

发表机构

  • National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China(深圳国家超级计算中心)
  • Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Guangdong, China(北京大学深圳研究生院)
  • Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China(中山大学)
  • National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi, Jiangsu, China(无锡国家超级计算中心)
  • Tsinghua University, Beijing, China(清华大学)
  • ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland(苏黎世联邦理工学院)
  • Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Guangdong, China(清华大学深圳国际研究生院)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

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