自旋-轨道耦合手性金属中自旋模式交叉与交流埃德尔斯坦响应的密度矩阵量子动力学
Density-matrix quantum kinetics of spin-mode crossover and ac Edelstein response in spin--orbit-coupled chiral metals
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出密度矩阵量子动力学理论，统一描述手性金属中从弱到强自旋-轨道耦合交叉的自旋弛豫、进动及自旋-电荷转换，并验证了昂萨格互易性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
为了建立手性导体中由自旋-轨道耦合（SOC）驱动的角动量动力学的参考基准，我们针对具有刺猬型SOC和非磁性杂质散射的三维各向同性手性金属，构建了一套密度矩阵量子动力学理论。该理论保留了带间相干性，其碰撞积分在杂质散射过程中守恒电荷、能量和自旋。我们识别出三种自旋模式，它们从弱SOC下的长寿命德雅科夫-佩雷尔弛豫模式和两个强阻尼进动模式，连续演化为强SOC下的一个弛豫模式和两个相干进动模式。与带对角玻尔兹曼方程的比较表明，带间相干性对于弱SOC弛豫模式和强SOC进动模式都至关重要。我们进一步推导了交流埃德尔斯坦磁化率以及对时变塞曼场的互易电流响应，证明了它们的极点与自旋模式重合，并验证了昂萨格互易关系。因此，该理论为跨越弱到强SOC交叉的自旋弛豫、进动和自旋-电荷转换提供了统一的分析描述。
英文摘要
To clarify spin relaxation and precession across the weak-to-strong SOC crossover in chiral conductors, we formulate a density-matrix quantum kinetic theory for a three-dimensional isotropic chiral metal with hedgehog SOC and nonmagnetic impurity scattering. The formulation retains interband coherence, and its collision integral conserves charge, energy, and spin during impurity scattering. We identify three spin modes that evolve continuously from a long-lived D'yakonov--Perel' relaxation mode and two strongly damped precessional modes at weak SOC to one relaxational and two coherent precessional modes at strong SOC. A closed multipole decomposition maps the spin dynamics onto an effective Bloch equation, providing a unified interpretation of relaxation and precession across the crossover. We further derive the ac Edelstein susceptibility and the reciprocal current response to a time-dependent Zeeman field, show that their poles coincide with the spin modes, and verify Onsager reciprocity. The theory thus provides a unified analytic description of spin relaxation, precession, and spin--charge conversion across the weak-to-strong SOC crossover.
发表机构
- The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science（理化学研究所新兴物质科学中心）
- Institute for Molecular Science（分子科学研究所）
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