发表机构
Institute for Hearing Technology and Acoustics, RWTH Aachen University（听力技术与声学研究所，亚琛工业大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一种基于改进商用耳罩的装置，可分别控制插入损耗和闭塞增益，以可重复地模拟任意闭塞效应曲线，用于自身声音感知研究。
AI 中文摘要
闭塞效应（OE）是指通过耳道闭塞引起的鼓膜声压变化。它由两种现象组成：插入损耗（IL）衰减气导声音，以及闭塞增益（OG）放大骨导声音。关于此的感知研究因个体间OE的高度变异性而受阻，这使精确OE条件的可重复呈现变得复杂。因此，需要在感知实验期间可重复地控制OE条件的方法。对于此类研究，系统必须能够分别控制IL和OG。我们提出了一种基于改进的商用耳罩并集成麦克风的方法。该设计集成了专用阻抗测量和数字滤波器的推导，这些滤波器应用于麦克风信号以模拟任意OE曲线。该系统通过适当的测量进行客观评估。结果表明，耳机固有的OG在115Hz以上保证低于6dB，在155Hz以上降至0dB以下。模拟被证明在整个感兴趣频率范围内准确工作。局限性主要源于深声音的轻微残余固有OG和系统的处理延迟。未来工作将集中于该系统的感知评估及其在感知研究中的应用。
英文摘要
The occlusion effect (OE) refers to changes of the eardrum sound pressure through ear canal occlusion. It consists of two phenomena: an insertion loss (IL) attenuating air-conducted sounds, and an occlusion gain (OG) amplifying bone-conduction. Perceptual research on this is hindered by high variability of the OE across individuals, complicating repeatable presentation of precise OE conditions. Consequently, a method to control OE conditions reproducibly during perceptual experiments is needed. For such investigations, the system must enable separate control of IL and OG. We present an approach based on modified commercial earmuffs with integrated microphones. The design integrates dedicated impedance measurements and the derivation of digital filters, which are applied to the microphone signals to emulate arbitrary OE curves. The system is evaluated objectively through appropriate measurements. Results show that the headphones' inherent OG is guaranteed to be below 6dB above 115Hz, falling below 0dB above 155Hz. Emulation is shown to work accurately over the entire frequency range of interest. Limitations arise mainly due to a slight residual inherent OG for deep voices and the processing delay of the system. Future work will focus on the perceptual evaluation of the system and its application in perceptual studies.
