自主多功能图像处理：基于可编程多模激光
Autonomous multifunctional image processing via programmable multimode lasing
- Tsinghua University（清华大学）
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University（教育部光子控制技术重点实验室，清华大学）
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Space-time Information Sensing Technology（精密时空信息传感技术国家重点实验室）
- The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）
- City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于高多模简并腔激光器的可编程图像处理器，通过腔内损耗操控和非线性动力学实现无需训练的自主多功能图像处理，具有低延迟和O(1)复杂度，支持边缘检测和去噪。
AI中文摘要：
光学图像处理为克服传统电子图像处理器的延迟和能耗限制提供了一条有前景的途径。然而，现有基于无源光子器件的方法常常受限于信号衰减、缺乏非线性、功能固定以及繁重的训练开销。在此，我们提出一种基于高多模简并腔激光器（DCL）的可编程图像处理器，将计算框架从无源腔外变换转变为有源腔内演化。通过操控腔内损耗分布并利用非线性激光动力学，我们将计算任务映射到DCL内的自发模式选择，直接在光源处实现图像处理。我们实验证明，仅通过改变输入图像的编码方案，该平台即可灵活重构以执行多功能任务，包括高保真边缘检测和鲁棒图像去噪。该计算无需数据集训练即可自主进行，具有固有的低延迟（约90微秒）和O(1)复杂度。此外，谐振腔内维持的高强度使得处理后的图像能够进行腔内非线性上转换。这项工作拓展了激光应用的前沿，为下一代光学处理器提供了一个有吸引力的候选方案。
英文摘要：
Optical image processing offers a promising pathway to overcome the latency and energy limitations of conventional electronic image processors. However, existing approaches based on passive photonic devices are often constrained by signal attenuation, lack of nonlinearity, fixed functionality, and heavy training overhead. Here, we introduce a programmable image processor based on a highly multimode degenerate cavity laser (DCL), shifting the computational framework from passive extracavity transformation to active intracavity evolution. By manipulating the intracavity loss distribution and exploiting the nonlinear lasing dynamics, we map computational tasks to the spontaneous mode selection within the DCL, realizing image processing directly at the source. We experimentally demonstrate that by simply altering the encoding scheme of input images, the platform can be flexibly reconfigured for multifunctional tasks, including high-fidelity edge detection and robust image denoising. The computation proceeds autonomously without dataset training, featuring an intrinsically low latency ($\sim$90 $μ\mathrm{s}$) with $\mathcal{O}(1)$ complexity. Furthermore, the high intensity sustained within the resonator enables intracavity nonlinear upconversion of the processed image. This work extends the frontiers of laser applications, providing a compelling candidate for next-generation optical processors.
