发表机构
Phenikaa University; Van Lang University; Henan Polytechnic University（Phenikaa 大学; 范浪大学; 河南理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对近场毫米波混合波束赋形系统，提出一种反馈高效的波束-用户关联框架，通过仅上报M个最强候选并结合比例公平指标，在极小反馈开销下实现接近全指标的性能。
AI 中文摘要
近场多用户混合波束赋形（HBF）需要联合角度-距离码本，其大小以及由此带来的上报开销随阵列孔径增长。对于本文考虑的极大阵列，每个码字上报一个质量指标所付出的开销已超过完整信道状态信息（CSI）反馈。本文提出了一种反馈高效的波束-用户设备（UE）关联框架。聚焦码本在有效波束聚焦瑞利距离（EBRD）感知的聚焦区域内按波束深度间隔采样，在该区域之外每个角度方向仅使用一个远场码字，从而其径向规律和大小由阵列几何决定。每个UE探测该码本但仅上报其M个最强候选，基站利用比例公平指标将UE与波束关联，该指标结合了上报所携带的泄漏项以及基站已知的码字相关性，从而允许同角度的UE通过焦距进行复用。仿真表明M=3即足够：所提方案与乐观的全指标上报参考相比性能差距在0.6%以内，而反馈量仅为后者的0.8%，相对于完整CSI反馈减少了99.11%，且干扰感知指标相比干扰盲指标可贡献高达18.7%的总频谱效率提升。
英文摘要
Near-field multiuser hybrid beamforming (HBF) requires joint angle-distance codebooks whose size, and hence reporting overhead, grows with the array aperture. For the extremely large array considered here, reporting one quality metric per codeword already incurs more overhead than full channel state information (CSI) feedback. This letter develops a feedback-efficient beam--user equipment (UE) association framework. The focusing codebook is sampled at beam-depth spacing within an effective beamfocusing Rayleigh distance (EBRD)-aware focusing region, with one far-field codeword per angular direction beyond that region, so that its radial law and size follow from the array geometry. Each UE probes this codebook but reports only its M strongest candidates, and the base station associates UEs and beams with a proportional-fair metric that consumes the leakage terms carried by this report together with the codeword correlations it knows, thereby allowing co-angular UEs to be multiplexed by focal distance. Simulations show that M=3 suffices: the proposed scheme stays within 0.6% of an optimistic full-metric reporting reference while using 0.8% of its feedback, a 99.11% reduction with respect to full-CSI feedback, and the interference-aware metric contributes up to 18.7% of the sum spectral efficiency over its interference-blind counterpart.
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