几乎空白的多色单色三角形
Almost Empty Monochromatic Triangles With Many Colors
- University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学)
- National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学)
- Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata(印度统计学院,加尔各答)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
本文研究平面点集着色中单色三角形内部点数的极值问题,将上界改进为 $c-\sqrt{c\log c}+o(\sqrt{c\log c})$,并证明 Horton 集中下界紧,提出大颜色数渐近猜想。
AI中文摘要:
给定整数 $c\geq 2$ 和 $s\geq 0$,令 $\mathsf{M}_3(c,s)$ 表示最小的整数,使得平面上任意至少 $\mathsf{M}_3(c,s)$ 个点(无三点共线)用 $c$ 种颜色着色后,必包含一个内部点至多 $s$ 个的单色三角形。进一步,令 $\lambda_3(c)$ 为使得 $\mathsf{M}_3(c,\lambda_3(c))<\infty$ 的最小整数。\citet{colorempty} 证明了对于每个 $c\geq 2$,有 $$\left\lfloor\frac{c-1}{2}\right\rfloor \leq \lambda_3(c)\leq c-2.$$ 后来,\citet{cravioto2019almost} 将上界改进为 $c-3$(对于 $c\geq 4$)。在本文中,我们改进他们的论证,得到如下渐近改进:$$\lambda_3(c) \leq c-\sqrt{c\log c}+o (\sqrt{c\log c} ),$$ 对所有足够大的 $c$ 成立。我们还证明了每个足够大的 Horton 集的 $c$ 着色都包含一个内部点至多 $\lfloor \frac{c-1}{2} \rfloor$ 个的单色三角形。这表明前述 $\lambda_3(c)$ 的下界在 Horton 集类中是紧的。最后,我们提出一个关于 $\lambda_3(c)$ 在大颜色数下渐近行为的猜想。
英文摘要:
Given integers $c\geq 2$ and $s\geq 0$, let $\mathsf{M}_3(c,s)$ denote the least integer such that every set of at least $\mathsf{M}_3(c,s)$ points in the plane, no three on a line, colored with $c$ colors, contains a monochromatic triangle with at most $s$ interior points. Further, let $λ_3(c)$ be the least integer such that $\mathsf{M}_3(c,λ_3(c))<\infty$. \citet{colorempty} proved that, for every $c\geq 2$, $$\left\lfloor\frac{c-1}{2}\right\rfloor \leq λ_3(c)\leq c-2.$$ Later, \citet{cravioto2019almost} improved the upper bound to $c-3$, for $c\geq 4$. In this paper, we refine their argument to obtain the following asymptotic improvement: $$λ_3(c) \leq c-\sqrt{c\log c}+o (\sqrt{c\log c} ),$$ for all sufficiently large $c$. We also show that every $c$-coloring of a sufficiently large Horton set contains a monochromatic triangle with at most $\lfloor \frac{c-1}{2} \rfloor$ interior points. This shows that the aforementioned lower bound on $λ_3(c)$ is sharp within the class of Horton sets. We conclude with a conjecture on the large-color asymptotics of $λ_3(c)$.