“我感到被深深看见，但依然非常孤独”：通用大语言模型用于社会情感支持的纵向轨迹

中文摘要 AI 辅助

人们越来越多地使用ChatGPT、Claude和Gemini等通用聊天机器人来获得心理健康和情感支持。我们报告了一项针对18名美国成年人的多阶段纵向定性研究，该研究于2025年4月至12月进行，结合了初始访谈、为期四周的日记研究、焦点小组和退出访谈。我们发现，社会情感使用往往从实际使用中逐渐产生，并且发生在其他形式的支持不可用时。参与者围绕聊天机器人的使用形成了惯例和界限，而这些惯例和界限因模型更新、关于AI危害的公共话语演变以及个人情况的变化而被打断。我们展示了纵向研究如何捕捉人机二元组之外的因素，并主张人机交互研究者和设计者在评估AI系统时应考虑用户与其聊天机器人的历史以及更广泛的护理生态，并在引入可能破坏既有支持来源的更新时也应如此。

英文摘要

People increasingly use general-purpose chatbots such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini for mental health and emotional support. We report a multi-stage longitudinal qualitative study of 18 U.S. adults, conducted from April to December 2025, combining initial interviews, a four-week diary study, focus groups, and exit interviews. We find that socioemotional use often emerged gradually out of practical use and when other forms of support were unavailable. Participants developed routines and boundaries around chatbot use, which were disrupted by model updates, evolving public discourse about AI harms, and changes in personal circumstances. We demonstrate how longitudinal study captures factors beyond the human-AI dyad, and argue that HCI researchers and designers should account for users' histories with their chatbots and broader care ecologies when evaluating AI systems over time and introducing updates that may disrupt established sources of support.

发表机构

• Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）
• Data & Society（数据与社会研究所）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。