发表机构
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal; J. Stefan Institute（印度科学教育研究所博帕尔分校; 约热·斯特凡研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究揭示原子退相干与自发辐射竞争，抑制各向异性开放Rabi模型中的超辐射亚稳态，表明耗散通道微观特征而非强度决定非平衡临界性。
AI 中文摘要
有限分量光-物质系统在单个可控原子-腔装置中实现耗散相变，但原子退相干——在真实腔和电路QED器件中普遍存在——如何影响这种临界性仍属未知。我们研究了腔衰减、自发辐射和原子退相干共同作用下的各向异性开放Rabi模型。我们证明，当自发辐射稳定长寿命亚稳态超辐射相时，原子退相干主动与之竞争——侵蚀其相干性并缩短其寿命。这种直接竞争揭示，耗散通道的微观特征（而非其强度）控制其非平衡临界性——这一区别可通过电路QED和离子阱平台中独立的自发辐射和退相干速率直接调节。
英文摘要
Finite-component light-matter systems realize dissipative phase transitions in a single controllable atom-cavity setup, but how atomic dephasing - ubiquitous in real cavity- and circuit-QED devices - affects this criticality remains unknown. We study the anisotropic open Rabi model under cavity decay, spontaneous emission, and atomic dephasing together. We show that when spontaneous emission stabilizes a long-lived metastable superradiant phase, atomic dephasing actively competes with it - eroding its coherence and shortening the lifetime. This direct competition reveals that a dissipation channel's microscopic character, not its strength, controls its nonequilibrium criticality - a distinction directly tunable via independent spontaneous-emission and dephasing rates in circuit-QED and trapped-ion platforms.
Comments9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
