发表机构
Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（比拉理工学院; 孟买印度理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过McVittie时空将原初黑洞嵌入宇宙学背景，解释KM3NeT观测到的220 PeV中微子异常，表明早期宇宙动力学改变初始质量窗口，而最终爆发遵循标准施瓦西热力学，满足背景极限并重塑中微子与曲率扰动的映射。
AI 中文摘要
KM3NeT观测站最近观测到一个220 PeV中微子事件（KM3-230213A），这对标准天体物理源模型构成了严峻挑战。我们研究了这一超高能特征源于原初黑洞（PBH）最终蒸发爆发的假说。由于PBH的演化跨越宇宙历史，静态真空近似无法捕捉早期宇宙动力学。通过McVittie时空将PBH嵌入宇宙学背景中，我们证明早期宇宙的宇宙学吸积和膨胀抑制的霍金辐射会改变今天发生最终爆发所需的初始质量窗口。我们表明，尽管早期宇宙环境决定了黑洞的整体寿命，但其今天的最终爆炸（z≈0）由标准施瓦西黑洞热力学支配。这一机制自然地产生强烈的220 PeV局部通量，同时抑制早期发射，从而满足弥漫各向同性背景极限。因此，这一动力学框架改变了当前超高能中微子可观测值与产生它们的原初曲率扰动之间的映射关系。
英文摘要
The recent observation of a 220 PeV neutrino event (KM3-230213A) by the KM3NeT observatory presents a formidable challenge to standard astrophysical source models. We investigate the hypothesis that this ultra-high-energy signature originates from the terminal evaporation burst of a Primordial Black Hole (PBH). Since PBH evolution spans cosmic history, static vacuum approximations fail to capture early-universe dynamics. Embedding the PBH in a cosmological background via the McVittie spacetime, we demonstrate that early-universe cosmological accretion and expansion-suppressed Hawking emission shift the required initial mass window for a terminal burst occurring today. We show that although the early universe environment dictates the black hole's overall lifespan, its final explosion today ($z \approx 0$) is governed by standard Schwarzschild thermodynamics. This mechanism naturally produces the intense 220 PeV local flux while suppressing early emissions, thereby satisfying diffuse isotropic background limits. Consequently, this dynamical framework alters the mapping between current ultra-high-energy neutrino observables and the primordial curvature perturbations that seeded them.
Comments28 pages, 2 figures, comments welcome
