发表机构
University of Naples Federico II; TU Wien(那不勒斯费德里科二世大学; 维也纳工业大学)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文为带反应项的连续性方程建立了首个拉格朗日叠加原理,仅需有限二次能量,通过双时间表示公式将解表示为特征系统解的边际。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究带反应项的连续性方程 $\partial_t\mu + \operatorname{div}(v\mu) = w\mu$,定义在 $[0,T]\times\mathbb{R}^d$ 上,由 Borel 速度场和反应场 $v$ 和 $w$ 驱动。我们在其自然一般性下提供了该方程的第一个拉格朗日叠加原理版本,仅假设有限二次能量,不对反应项施加有界性条件,也不对测度支撑施加任何紧性形式。更精确地,每个具有有限二次能量的解 $\mu \in \mathcal{C}([0,T];\mathscr{M}_+(\mathbb{R}^d))$ 可由 $\mathbb{R}^d$ 上几何锥中的绝对连续曲线上的概率测度 $\eta$ 表示,该测度集中于特征系统 $x' = v(x)$,$k' = w(x)\\,k$ 的解,通过 $2$-齐次边际 $h^2_t(\eta)=\mu_t$ 实现。我们还建立了逆蕴含。证明通过对三元组 $(v,w,\mu)$ 进行正则化,产生仅满足局部界的场;因此论证的核心是在这种局部假设下的表示理论,其关键工具(具有独立意义)是一个双时间表示公式,该公式在任意时间 $s,t$ 沿 $v$ 的流将 $\mu_s$ 和 $\mu_t$ 联系起来。
英文摘要
We study the continuity equation with reaction $\partial_tμ+ \operatorname{div}(vμ) = wμ$ on $[0,T]\times\mathbb{R}^d$, driven by Borel velocity and reaction fields $v$ and $w$. We provide the first version of a Lagrangian superposition principle for the equation in its natural generality, assuming only finite quadratic energy without imposing boundedness conditions on the reaction term neither any form of compactness for the support of the measure. More precisely, every solution $μ\in \mathcal{C}([0,T];\mathscr{M}_+(\mathbb{R}^d))$ with finite quadratic energy is represented by a probability measure $η$ on absolutely continuous curves in the geometric cone over $\mathbb{R}^d$, concentrated on the solutions of the characteristic system $x' = v(x)$, $k' = w(x)\,k$, through the $2$-homogeneous marginal $h^2_t(η)=μ_t$. We also establish the converse implication. The proof passes through a regularization of the triple $(v,w,μ)$ which produces fields satisfying only local bounds; the core of the argument is therefore a representation theory under such local assumptions, whose key tool, of independent interest, is a two-time representation formula relating $μ_s$ and $μ_t$ along the flow of $v$ for arbitrary times $s,t$.
Comments28 pages