发表机构
Yonsei University; University of Texas at Austin（延世大学; 德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对多壳LEO卫星网络的负载均衡问题，提出基于壳层偏置接收功率和接收端SIC的数学框架，推导关联概率与速率覆盖，仿真验证其能缓解低壳层流量集中并提升热点速率覆盖。
AI 中文摘要
多壳低地球轨道（LEO）网络可以增加服务机会，但依赖于高度的传播特性可能将流量集中在较低壳层，并在全频率复用下产生强烈的壳间干扰。本文为多壳LEO卫星网络中的负载均衡开发了一个数学框架。每个壳层上的卫星形成一个独立的球形泊松点过程（SPPP），典型用户通过依赖于壳层的偏置接收功率规则与其中一个壳层服务卫星关联，并在全频率复用下采用接收端连续干扰消除（SIC）。推导了壳层关联概率、条件服务距离分布以及依赖于壳层流量负载下的速率覆盖概率，并通过仿真进行了验证。结果表明，依赖于壳层的偏置减轻了较低壳层的流量集中并提高了速率覆盖，而接收端SIC减轻了与上层壳层关联的用户所经历的占主导地位的较低壳层干扰。负载均衡在流量热点中提供了其最大的速率覆盖增益，而随着接收端隔离的减弱，SIC变得更加有价值。在固定卫星预算下，将卫星分布到多个壳层可以通过增加壳层服务机会进一步改善热点速率覆盖。
英文摘要
Multi-shell low Earth orbit (LEO) networks can increase service opportunities, but altitude-dependent propagation can concentrate traffic on lower shells and create strong inter-shell interference under full frequency reuse. This paper develops a mathematical framework for load balancing in multi-shell LEO satellite networks. Satellites on each shell form an independent spherical Poisson point process (SPPP), and the typical user associates with one of the per-shell serving satellites through a shell-dependent biased received-power rule, with receiver-side successive interference cancellation (SIC) under full frequency reuse. Shell-wise association probabilities, conditioned serving-distance distributions, and the rate coverage probability under shell-dependent traffic loads are derived and validated by simulation. The results show that shell-dependent biasing alleviates lower-shell traffic concentration and improves rate coverage, while receiver-side SIC mitigates the dominant lower-shell interference experienced by users associated with upper shells. Load balancing provides its largest rate-coverage gain in traffic hotspots, while SIC becomes more valuable as receive-side isolation weakens. With a fixed satellite budget, distributing satellites across multiple shells can further improve hotspot rate coverage by adding shell-wise serving opportunities.
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