Janus偶极子：基本原理、实现方式与新兴应用
Janus Dipoles: Fundamentals, Realizations, and Emerging Applications
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文综述Janus偶极子（正交电/磁偶极子，相位差90度）的基本原理、无源/有源及近场耦合控制等实现方式，及其在片上光子学、量子交互和无线能量传输等新兴应用中的潜力。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
Janus偶极子——具有正交取向且相位差为90度的电偶极子和磁偶极子——已成为波操控的强大范式。与用于方向控制的传统Huygens偶极子不同，这种独特构型在保持准各向同性远场辐射方向图的同时，展现出强不对称、面选择性的近场行为。这些显著特性使Janus偶极子成为定向波整形的重要平台，在片上光子学、量子相互作用和无线能量传输等领域具有广泛应用。本综述系统地追溯了Janus偶极子从基础理论提出到其在光学、微波和声学频率下多样化实现平台的快速发展历程。在本文中，我们探讨了其控制原理，将实现策略分为无源Janus偶极子、有源Janus偶极子和先进近场耦合控制三类，并重点介绍了新兴前沿方向。通过将基础电动力学与先进器件工程相结合，本文为研究人员设计下一代高度集成、紧凑型波操控系统提供了重要参考和路线图。
英文摘要
The Janus dipole - featuring orthogonally oriented electric and magnetic dipoles with a 90-degree phase difference - has emerged as a powerful paradigm for wave manipulation. Unlike traditional Huygens dipoles used for directional control, this unique configuration exhibits strongly asymmetric, face-selective near-field behavior while maintaining a quasi-isotropic far-field radiation pattern. These remarkable properties make the Janus dipole an essential platform for directional wave shaping, with wide-ranging applications in on-chip photonics, quantum interactions, and wireless power transfer. This review systematically traces the rapid development of the Janus dipole from its foundational theoretical inception to its diverse implementation platforms across optical, microwave, and acoustic frequencies. In this paper, we explore the governing principles, classify realization strategies into passive Janus dipoles, active Janus dipoles, and advanced near-field coupling control, and highlight emerging frontiers. By bridging foundational electrodynamics with advanced device engineering, this paper serves as an essential reference and roadmap for researchers designing next-generation, highly integrated, and compact wave-manipulation systems.
发表机构
- City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学）
- Zhejiang University（浙江大学）
- Nanjing University（南京大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
