LSST系统效应对暗物质恒星流密度波动的影响
Impact of LSST systematics on stellar-stream density fluctuations for dark matter
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过前向建模和似然比分析,评估了LSST观测系统效应对恒星流密度波动探测暗物质的影响,发现灵敏度下降约5倍,最小可探测子晕质量升至约1e7太阳质量。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
薇拉·C·鲁宾天文台的时空遗产巡天(LSST)预计将显著推进对银河系恒星流的研究。特别是,LSST的深度、精确测光应能大幅提高对恒星流密度波动的统计灵敏度,这些波动可用于探测暗物质的小尺度分布。然而,当前的预测通常忽略了将印刻在恒星流密度测量中的观测系统效应。在本研究中,我们开发了一个现实的前向建模框架,将恒星流注入类似LSST的观测中,包括测光不确定性、巡天深度变化、背景污染以及不完美的恒星-星系分类。我们开发了一种似然比分析,以评估在这些观测系统效应存在时恒星流中间隙的可探测性。在存在现实巡天系统效应的情况下,我们发现经过四年的运行,LSST将对表面亮度约为33等角秒$^{-2}$的恒星流中宽度为5度的间隙的密度降低约50%敏感。相对于理想情况,由于背景污染和观测系统效应的综合影响,间隙深度灵敏度下降了约5倍。假设间隙深度与暗物质子晕性质之间存在简化的解析映射,这些估计对应于最小可探测子晕质量约为$1\times10^7$ M$_\odot$。观测效应将这个可及质量尺度向上移动了约16倍,其中背景污染贡献了约5倍,巡天系统效应又贡献了约3倍,主要由恒星-星系分类主导。
英文摘要
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is expected to significantly advance the study of Milky Way stellar streams. In particular, the deep, precise photometry from LSST should greatly increase the statistical sensitivity to density fluctuations in stellar streams, which can be used to probe the small-scale distribution of dark matter. However, current forecasts generally neglect the impact of observational systematics that will be imprinted on stream density measurements. In this study, we develop a realistic forward-modeling framework to inject stellar streams into LSST-like observations including photometric uncertainties, survey depth variations, background contamination, and imperfect star-galaxy classification. We develop a likelihood-ratio analysis to assess the detectability of gaps in stellar streams in the presence of these observational systematics. In the presence of realistic survey systematics, we find that after four years of operations, LSST will be sensitive to density reductions of $\sim50\%$ for gaps with widths of $5$ deg in streams with surface brightness of $\sim33$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$. Relative to the ideal case, this corresponds to a degradation in gap depth sensitivity by a factor of $\sim5$ due to the combined impact of background contamination and observational systematics. Assuming a simplified analytical mapping between gap depth and dark matter subhalo properties, these estimates correspond to a minimum detectable subhalo mass of $\sim1\times10^7$ M$_\odot$. Observational effects shift this accessible mass scale upward by a factor of $\sim16$, with background contamination contributing a factor of $\sim5$ and survey systematics a further factor of $\sim3$, dominated by star-galaxy classification.
发表机构
- Université Grenoble Alpes(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学)
- CNRS/IN2P3(法国国家科学研究中心/欧洲核子研究粒子物理研究所)
- University of Washington(华盛顿大学)
- University of Chicago(芝加哥大学)
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory(费米国家加速器实验室)
- Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所)
- Stanford University(斯坦福大学)
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(SLAC国家加速器实验室)
- Université Clermont-Auvergne(克莱蒙奥弗涅大学)
- University of Utah(犹他大学)
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