非超亮X射线脉冲星3X J0042（位于M31）中硬X射线脉冲的探测
Detection of hard X-ray pulsations in non-ULX X-ray pulsar 3X J0042 in M31
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中文总结 AI 辅助
利用NuSTAR档案数据，在M31非超亮X射线脉冲星3X J0042中首次探测到硬X射线脉冲，并发现其自转加速率加快，证实其为低质量X射线双星。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们报告了利用档案NuSTAR观测数据，在M31吸积非超亮X射线脉冲星3X J0042（3XMM J004232.1+411314）中探测到硬X射线脉冲。该源的自转周期约为3秒，轨道周期约为4.15小时，此前仅在XMM-Newton观测中探测到相干脉冲。我们通过修正光子到达时间以考虑双星运动，并优化轨道历元和投影半长轴，重新分析了所有五次公开的NuSTAR观测数据。在所有五次观测中均探测到相干脉冲。宽带脉冲轮廓在跨越约2.3年的五次观测中显示出相似的形态，没有显著的长期演化。脉冲轮廓还表现出能量依赖性，在约20 keV以下具有结构化的非正弦轮廓，而在更高能量下轮廓结构较少。脉冲周期在约2.3年的NuSTAR基线内总体呈下降趋势，延续了在约16年XMM-Newton观测中观察到的长期自转加速趋势，但平均自转加速率约为-1.1e-10 s/s，快于先前报道的约-6e-11 s/s。短的轨道周期和推断的低质量伴星表明，这是一个包含磁化中子星的低质量X射线双星，Her X-1、3A 1822-371和XMM J174457-2850.3等系统提供了更接近的银河系内比较。这项工作代表了首次从非超亮河外吸积脉冲星中探测到硬X射线脉冲。
英文摘要
We report the detection of hard X-ray pulsations from the M31 accreting non-ULX X-ray pulsar 3X J0042 (3XMM J004232.1+411314) using archival NuSTAR observations. The source has a spin period of ~3 s and an orbital period of ~4.15 hr, with coherent pulsations previously detected only in XMM-Newton observations. We reanalyse all five publicly available NuSTAR observations by correcting the photon arrival times for binary motion and optimizing the orbital epoch and projected semi-major axis. Coherent pulsations are detected in all five observations. The broad-band pulse profiles show similar morphology across the five observations spanning ~2.3 yr, with no significant long-term evolution. The pulse profile also shows energy dependence, with structured, non-sinusoidal profiles below ~20 keV and a less structured profile at higher energies. The pulse periods show an overall decrease over the ~2.3 yr NuSTAR baseline, continuing the long-term spin-up trend observed in the ~16 yr of XMM-Newton observations, but with a faster average spin-up rate of ~-1.1e-10 s/s compared to the earlier reported ~-6e-11 s/s. The short orbital period and inferred low-mass companion star shows it to be a low-mass X-ray binary containing a magnetized neutron star, with systems such as Her X-1, 3A 1822-371, and XMM J174457-2850.3 providing closer Galactic comparisons. This work represents the first detection of hard X-ray pulsations from a non-ULX extragalactic accreting pulsar.
发表机构
- Raman Research Institute（拉曼研究所）
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