差分与共同退相干模式在见证量子引力诱导的物质纠缠中的应用
Differential and Common Decoherence Modes in Witnessing the Quantum Gravity-Induced Entanglement of Matter
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文在QGEM实验中研究不同退相干率下量子引力诱导纠缠的见证，提出数学框架并搜索最优参数，发现增加质量可显著改善见证效果。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
在QGEM（量子引力诱导的质量纠缠）实验背景下，我们考虑两个相邻的物质波干涉仪，分别处于线性和平行配置中，它们仅通过引力相互作用。如果引力是量子化的，那么这两个物质波干涉仪将通过无质量引力子的虚激发而纠缠。在本文中，我们考虑通过一个通用的实验场景来见证这种纠缠，其中两个干涉仪受到不同的全局相位和不同的退相干率的影响。在此背景下，我们表明各个全局相位不影响见证者，讨论了共同和差分退相干模式，并针对不同质量进行了最优参数搜索。我们为这些不对称退相干率提供了一个数学框架，然后搜索决定纠缠见证者的参数。我们保持两个干涉仪质量最近叠加之间的间隔距离固定，同时将实验时间从τ=0.1秒变化到τ=1秒。从保护实验免受随机加速度噪声的角度来看，在τ=0.1秒结束实验具有许多优势。然而，见证纠缠也会受到影响，对于m=10^-14千克，在τ=0.1秒实验中退相干率在10^-1至1赫兹范围内，⟨W⟩约为-10^-2量级。但正如我们所展示的，增加物质波干涉仪的质量可能会显著改善见证者。
英文摘要
In the context of the QGEM (Quantum Gravity-induced Entanglement of Masses) experiment, we consider two adjacent matter-wave interferometers in linear and parallel configurations that interact solely via gravity. If gravity were quantum, then the two matter-wave interferometers would become entangled via the virtual excitation of the massless graviton. In this paper, we consider witnessing this entanglement by considering a generic experimental scenario where the two interferometers are subject to different global phases and different decoherence rates. In this context, we show that the individual global phases do not affect the witness, discuss common and differential decoherence modes, and perform the parameter search optimal for different masses. We provide a mathematical framework for these asymmetric decoherence rates and then search for parameters that determine the entanglement witness. We have kept the inter-separation distance between the two closest superpositions of the interferometers' masses fixed while varying the experimental time from $τ=0.1$ s to $τ=1$ s. Finishing the experiment at $ τ=0.1$ s has many advantages from the point of view of protecting the experiment from random acceleration noise. However, witnessing the entanglement also suffers from $\langle W\rangle \sim -{\cal O}(10^{-2})$ for $m=10^{-14}$~kg, for decoherence rate in the ranges of ${\cal O}(10^{-1}-1)$~Hz for $τ=0.1$ s experiment. However, as we show, increasing the mass of the matter-wave interferometer may improve the witness considerably.
发表机构
- University of Groningen（格罗宁根大学）
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen（格罗宁根大学范斯温德恩粒子物理与引力研究所）
- Canadian Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学加拿大理论天体物理研究所）
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