发表机构
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; Department of Physics, Harvard University; Center for Theoretical Physics – a Leinweber Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University（德国电子同步加速器; 哈佛大学物理系; 麻省理工学院莱因韦伯理论物理中心; 哈佛拉德克利夫高等研究院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文通过NREFT速度幂次计数和位置空间正则化，阐明奇异势中Sommerfeld增强的起源，发现弱耦合下SE取决于紫外完备化与截断层级，并揭示紫外与红外物理的相互作用。
AI 中文摘要
来自长程相互作用的Sommerfeld增强（SE）以及相关的束缚态形成速率，可以成为暗物质（DM）湮灭信号的重要非微扰输入。在存在奇异相互作用势的情况下，薛定谔方程的传统边界条件失效，模糊了SE的计算、其物理起源以及此类势中与束缚态的关系。在本工作中，我们以双重方式阐明奇异势中SE的起源：利用非相对论有效场论（NREFT）中的速度幂次计数框架，以及通过位置空间正则化奇异势在短距离处的行为来计算SE和束缚态。我们通过赝标量中介子与质量型狄拉克暗物质相互作用的案例来说明我们的发现。我们发现，当这样的系统源于弱耦合下的紫外完备理论时，不会产生SE。然而，在导数耦合赝标量的情况下，其中相互作用由有效理论中的高维算符描述，如果有效理论的截断尺度与暗物质质量之间存在很大的层级差异，则弱耦合下可以出现SE（以及束缚态）。这种SE对势在短距离处的紫外完备化选择敏感，但即使仅凭紫外物理本身不会产生任何SE，非可忽略的SE仍可能持续存在；我们阐明了这种情况下紫外与红外物理的相互作用。
英文摘要
The Sommerfeld enhancement (SE) from long-range interactions, and the related bound state formation rate, can be important non-perturbative inputs to dark matter (DM) annihilation signals. In the presence of singular interaction potentials, the conventional boundary conditions of the Schrödinger equation fail, obfuscating the computation of SE, its physical origin, and its relation to bound states in such potentials. In this work, we clarify the origin of SE in singular potentials in a two-fold manner: using the framework of velocity power counting in non-relativistic effective field theory (NREFT), and via position-space regularization of singular potentials at short distances to compute SE and bound states. We illustrate our findings through the case of pseudoscalar mediators interacting with massive Dirac DM. We find that when such a system arises from a UV-complete theory at weak coupling, no SE is generated. However, in the case of a derivatively coupled pseudoscalar, where the interaction is described by a higher-dimension operator in an effective theory, SE (and bound states) can occur for weak couplings if there is a large hierarchy between the cutoff scale of the effective theory and the dark matter mass. This SE is sensitive to the choice of the UV completion of the potential at short distances, but a non-negligible SE can persist even when the UV physics alone would not generate any SE; we elucidate the interplay of UV and IR physics in this case.
Comments70 pages, 6 Appendices, 12 Figures
