发表机构
The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science（卡内基科学研究所天文台）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文用高斯过程模拟器辅助校准半解析模型Galacticus，同时拟合多种观测关系，为罗曼星系红移巡天构建物理一致的模拟星表。
AI 中文摘要
罗曼星系红移巡天的模拟星表受益于在单一星系形成框架内预测其物理性质和发射线可观测量的星系族群。为此，我们提出了对半解析模型Galacticus的模拟器辅助校准。由于直接使用Galacticus进行后验探索在计算上不可行，我们训练高斯过程模拟器来预测进入校准似然函数的可观测量。我们同时将模型校准到恒星质量函数、恒星形成率函数、大小-质量关系、黑洞质量-速度弥散关系、质量-金属丰度关系以及H-alpha光度函数。将这些可观测量结合起来，可以打破单独拟合中存在的参数简并，并可能揭示不同可观测量偏好参数空间不同区域时的张力。所得模型对校准数据提供了广泛成功的同步描述，包括与罗曼星系红移巡天相关的H-alpha发射体的丰度和红移演化。在最大后验点处的直接Galacticus计算与校准数据同样吻合良好，提供了一个校准后的星系形成模型，适用于为罗曼巡天构建物理上一致的模拟星表。
英文摘要
Mock catalogues for the Roman Galaxy Redshift Survey benefit from galaxy populations whose physical properties and emission-line observables are predicted within a single galaxy-formation framework. We present an emulator-assisted calibration of the semi-analytic model Galacticus for this purpose. Because direct posterior exploration with Galacticus is computationally prohibitive, we train Gaussian-process emulators to predict the observables entering the calibration likelihood. We calibrate the model simultaneously to stellar mass functions, the star-formation-rate function, size--mass relations, the black-hole mass--velocity-dispersion relation, the mass--metallicity relation, and H-alpha luminosity functions. Combining these observables breaks parameter degeneracies present in individual fits and can reveal tensions where different observables favour different regions of parameter space. The resulting model provides a broadly successful simultaneous description of the calibration data, including the abundance and redshift evolution of H-alpha emitters relevant to the Roman Galaxy Redshift Survey. A direct Galacticus calculation at the maximum a posteriori point gives similarly good agreement with the calibration data, providing a calibrated galaxy-formation model suitable for constructing physically consistent mock catalogues for Roman.
Comments21 pages, 6 figures
