AI 中文总结
本研究利用强透镜引力波将双黑洞定位至星系中心，通过高分辨率成像实现亚星系级关联，并在单次观测中高置信度排除光追踪族群，支持活动星系核等中心形成渠道。
AI 中文摘要
双黑洞（BBHs）已被理论上认为可通过多种不同渠道形成，但当前LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA（LVK）巡天的天空定位使得对形成渠道的直接研究成为一项挑战。研究表明，在升级灵敏度的当前探测器网络和如Euclid等巡天望远镜下，强透镜双黑洞与其宿主星系的关联是可能的，其定位精度在源平面可达亚星系尺度。借助类似哈勃太空望远镜的高分辨率成像，我们报告指出，对双黑洞的强透镜定位使我们能够自信地将双黑洞与其宿主星系内的特定结构——特别是星系中心（GCs）——相关联。我们证明，定位到星系星系中心的双黑洞可以在单次观测中拒绝光追踪双黑洞族群（p < 5%），且在大多数情况下可提供高置信度的拒绝（p < 1%），为排除与场状或非中心形成渠道相关的光追踪空间分布提供了保守依据。因此，这种关联直接支持局限于星系中心的形成渠道，如活动星系核和核星团。
英文摘要
Binary black holes (BBHs) have been theorised to form through various different channels, but current LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) sky locations make the direct study of formation channels a challenge. Association of strongly lensed BBHs to their hosts has been shown to be possible with current detector networks at upgraded sensitivity and survey telescopes like Euclid, with localisations that can reach sub-galactic scales in the source plane. With Hubble Space Telescope-like high-resolution imaging, we report that strong-lensing localisation of BBHs allows us to confidently associate the BBH with specific structures within their host galaxies, specifically, galactic centres (GCs). We demonstrate that a BBH localised to the GC of the galaxy can reject light-tracing BBH populations ($p < 5\%$) in a single observation, and in most cases demonstrate high confidence rejection ($p < 1\%$), providing a conservative basis to exclude light-tracing spatial distributions associated with field-like or non-central formation channels. Such association therefore directly supports formation channels confined to GCs, such as active galactic nuclei and nuclear stellar clusters.
Comments7 pages, 2 figures
