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arXiv 2609.10242math.DS

$(n+1)$-体问题中的柏拉图立体构型的周期运动

Platonic constellations of periodic motions in the $(n + 1)$-body problem

Kevin Constantineau, Carlos García-Azpeitia, Jean-Philippe Lessard

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中文总结 AI 辅助

研究$(n+1)$-体问题中由中心质量和多面体对称轨道上的等质量物体构成的系统,通过对称约化和Lyapunov-Schmidt约化,证明从开普勒椭圆分岔出具有四面体、八面体或二十面体对称性的周期解族。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们研究空间$(n+1)$-体问题,该系统由一个重的中心质量和$n$个等质量物体组成,这些物体位于多面体旋转群$H\in\{T,O,I\}$的单条轨道上,因此$n=|H|\in\{12,24,60\}$。施加对称性$q_{L}=L\\,q_{I}$(其中$L\in H$)将问题简化为一条单一的$2\pi$-周期参考曲线,其约化作用量为$A_{H}=A_{0}+\varepsilon A_{1}$,其中$\varepsilon$是中心质量的倒数,$A_{0}$是开普勒作用量。在$\varepsilon=0$时,临界集包含一个连通分量,即最小周期为$2\pi$的开普勒椭圆五维流形,我们证明该流形是非退化临界流形。沿此流形进行Lyapunov-Schmidt约化,将延拓问题转化为寻找关于偏心率$e$和空间取向$\psi$的显式函数$\Phi(e,\psi)$的非退化临界点,我们通过计算机辅助证明验证了其非退化性。由此,对于三个群中的每一个,我们获得了具有$n+1\in\{13,25,61\}$个天体的$(n+1)$-体问题的周期解族,这些解从开普勒椭圆分岔而来,并承载完整的四面体、八面体或二十面体对称性。

英文摘要

We study the spatial $(n+1)$-body problem formed by one heavy central mass together with $n$ equal masses placed on a single orbit of a polyhedral rotation group $H\in\{T,O,I\}$, so that $n=|H|\in\{12,24,60\}$. Imposing the symmetry $q_{L}=L\,q_{I}$ for $L\in H$ reduces the problem to a single $2π$-periodic reference curve, with reduced action $A_{H}=A_{0}+\varepsilon A_{1}$, in which $\varepsilon$ is the inverse central mass and $A_{0}$ is the Kepler action. At $\varepsilon=0$ the critical set contains, as one connected component, the five-dimensional manifold of Kepler ellipses of minimal period $2π$, which we prove to be a nondegenerate critical manifold. A Lyapunov--Schmidt reduction along this manifold turns the continuation problem into the search for nondegenerate critical points of an explicit function $Φ(e,ψ)$ of the eccentricity $e$ and the spatial orientation $ψ$, a nondegeneracy we verify by a computer-assisted proof. We thereby obtain, for each of the three groups, families of periodic solutions of the $(n+1)$-body problem with $n+1\in\{13,25,61\}$ bodies, bifurcating from Kepler ellipses and carrying the full tetrahedral, octahedral, or icosahedral symmetry.

发表机构

  • McGill University(麦吉尔大学)
  • IIMAS-UNAM(墨西哥国立自治大学数学与力学研究所)

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