非厄米光束
Non-Hermitian Light Beams
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- Belarusian State University（白俄罗斯国立大学）
- Soochow University（苏州大学）
- Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学）
- Harbin Engineering University（哈尔滨工程大学）
- ITMO University（ITMO大学）
- Suzhou City University（苏州城市大学）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出非厄米光束概念，在经典电磁波理论中揭示非厄米性可源于光空间频谱与局部结构，识别奇异点与奇异线，为光子学提供新自由度。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
非厄米系统提供了现代光子学中积极研究的显著特性。非厄米性通常与涉及有损和增益通道的开放结构和器件的性质相关。在这里，我们揭示电磁场本身可以以非厄米方式设计，提出了非厄米物理学中的一个额外自由度。在经典电磁波理论中，我们表明非厄米行为不仅可能源于波的色散特性，还可能源于光空间频谱和场局部结构的特殊性。对于无衍射光束，我们识别出与光束强度分布形状相关的对称和非对称非厄米相分离的奇异点，非厄米性仅对非傍轴光束被充分认识。在电磁场和坡印廷矢量的局部结构中，我们确定了区分由流线行为产生的非厄米相的奇异线。我们相信，非厄米光束的概念将丰富我们对光与物质相互作用的认识。
英文摘要
Non-Hermitian systems provide remarkable features actively studied in modern photonics. Non-Hermiticity is often related to the properties of open structures and devices, which involve lossy and gain channels. Here, we reveal that electromagnetic fields themselves can be designed in a non-Hermitian way, proposing an additional degree of freedom in non-Hermitian physics. Within classical electromagnetic wave theory, we show that the non-Hermitian behaviors may stem not only from the dispersive properties of the waves, but also from the peculiarities of the light spatial spectrum and local structure of the fields. For the nondiffracting light beams, we identify exceptional points detaching symmetric and asymmetric non-Hermitian phases related to the shape of the beam's intensity profile, the non-Hermiticity being well recognized only for non-paraxial beams. In the local structure of the electromagnetic fields and Poynting vector, we determine exceptional lines differentiating non-Hermitian phases stemming from the behavior of streamlines. We believe that the concept of non-Hermitian light beams will enrich our knowledge of the light-matter interaction.
