武装数据：TDE 2025aarm中的凸起、外流和盘状发射
Aarmed with Data: Bumps, Outflows, and Disk-like Emission in TDE 2025aarm
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- University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）
- Queen’s University Belfast（贝尔法斯特女王大学）
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC)（空间科学研究所（ICE-CSIC））
- The University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）
- Tel Aviv University（特拉维夫大学）
- Technical University of Denmark（丹麦技术大学）
- Gemini Observatory（双子座天文台）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过高节奏多波段观测邻近TDE 2025aarm，发现光变曲线多次再增亮与温度升高及外流运动学变化相关，并识别出盘状成分的出现，揭示了吸积、再处理和外流在TDE发射中的复杂作用。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
潮汐瓦解事件（TDEs）中光学发射的起源仍然是该领域主要未解问题之一，部分原因在于具有高节奏监测以追踪其演化的光度与光谱特性的邻近事件数量有限。我们展示了邻近（$z=0.01368$）TDE 2025aarm的多波段观测，包括在光学峰值之前近每日的光谱覆盖。其邻近性使其成为已发现的最亮TDE之一，达到峰值星等$m_r\sim15.5$（$M_r\sim-18$）。光变曲线偏离平滑演化，在单个滤光片光变曲线和热光度中均表现出多次再增亮事件。黑体建模揭示这些再增亮与温度升高超过$5,000-10,000$ K相关，而推断的光球半径保持大致恒定。同时，H$\alpha$线不仅蓝移增加而且变宽，表明连续谱再增亮与谱线形成气体运动学变化之间存在联系。我们在多个巴耳末线中识别出在$\sim-3900$ km s$^{-1}$处的持续吸收成分，为外流物质提供了进一步证据。H$\alpha$轮廓在线两侧也表现出相对于高斯的过量通量，与简单的散射主导外流模型不一致。盘轮廓建模提供了在峰值后至少$\sim20$天出现盘状成分的证据，且在$\sim50$至60天之间盘性质发生显著变化。这些观测突显了TDE发射过程的复杂性，并展示了密集多波段监测如何厘清吸积、再处理和外出流在塑造TDE发射中的作用。
英文摘要
The origin of the optical emission in tidal disruption events (TDEs) remains one of the major outstanding questions in the field, in part due to the limited number of nearby events with high-cadence monitoring to track their evolving photometric and spectroscopic properties. We present multi-wavelength observations of the nearby ($z=0.01368$) TDE\,2025aarm, including near-daily spectroscopic coverage prior to the optical peak. Its proximity makes it one of the brightest TDEs discovered, reaching a peak magnitude of $m_r\sim15.5$ ($M_r\sim-18$). The light curve deviates from a smooth evolution, exhibiting multiple rebrightening episodes visible in both the individual filter light curves and the bolometric luminosity. Blackbody modelling reveals that these rebrightenings are associated with an increase in temperature of $> 5,000-10,000$\,K, while the inferred photospheric radius remains approximately constant. Simultaneously, the H$α$ line not only increases in blueshift but also broadens, suggesting a link between the continuum rebrightenings to changes in the kinematics of the line-forming gas. We identify a persistent absorption component at $\sim-3900$\,km\,s$^{-1}$ in multiple Balmer lines, providing further evidence for outflowing material. The H$α$ profile also exhibits excess flux compared to a Gaussian on both sides of the line, inconsistent with simple scattering-dominated outflow models. Disk-profile modelling provides evidence for the emergence of a disk-like component least $\sim20$ days after peak, with substantial changes in the disk properties between $\sim50$ and 60 days. These observations highlight the complexity of TDE emission processes and demonstrate how dense multi-wavelength monitoring can disentangle the roles of accretion, reprocessing, and outflows in shaping TDE emission.
