从未知到期望：在功与热资源理论中变换未知初始态
From the Unknown to the Desired: Transforming Unknown Initial States in the Resource Theory of Work and Heat
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文在功与热资源理论中，针对未知初始量子态，提出普适变换框架，构造电荷守恒协议使误差超多项式衰减，实现无需微观知识的渐近最优功提取。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们在功与热资源理论中研究初始量子态未知时的热力学态变换。超越依赖于特定态的协议，我们发展了一个普适框架，在该框架中，单一变换适用于所有可容许的输入态。对于相互对易的守恒荷，我们构造了电荷守恒协议，其变换误差（以迹距离度量）随系统副本数量的增加呈超多项式衰减。作为应用，我们展示了普适功提取：无需初始态的微观知识即可渐近最优地提取功，且误差为超多项式小。我们的结果表明，在有限先验信息下热力学态变换仍然可实现，并建立了超越态已知情形的资源理论热力学普适框架。
英文摘要
We study thermodynamic state transformations in the resource theory of work and heat when the initial quantum state is unknown. Moving beyond state-dependent protocols, we develop a universal framework in which a single transformation applies to all admissible input states. For mutually commuting conserved charges, we construct charge-conserving protocols whose transformation error, quantified by trace distance, decays super-polynomially with the number of system copies. As an application, we demonstrate universal work extraction: asymptotically optimal work can be extracted without microscopic knowledge of the initial state, with a super-polynomially small error. Our results show that thermodynamic state transformations remain achievable under limited prior information and establish a universal framework for resource-theoretic thermodynamics beyond the state-aware setting.
发表机构
- Universität zu Köln（科隆大学）
- Los Alamos National Laboratory（洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室）
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona（巴塞罗那自治大学）
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