维度-7重子数破坏算符的手征匹配及其在$\Delta I=3/2$核子衰变中的应用

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们在低能有效场论中研究了维度-7（dim-7）重子数破坏算符的手征匹配。我们证明所有dim-7算符可分为两种不同的洛伦兹结构及其手征翻转对应物，并推导了它们在手征微扰论中的领头阶强子实现。作为应用，我们系统地研究了$\Delta I=3/2$核子衰变，包括$n\to \ell^-\pi^+$、$p\to \ell^- \pi^+\pi^+$和$n\to \ell^- \pi^+ (\pi^0, \eta)$，其中$\ell=e,~\mu$。利用现有的$n\to \ell^-\pi^+$实验上限，我们对相关的Wilson系数设定了严格的约束，并根据这些三体模式与两体模式的相关性，推导了六个三体模式部分寿命的改进下界。我们进一步提出了一个具体的紫外模型，该模型在领头阶产生dim-7算符及相关的$\Delta I=3/2$核子衰变。我们的结果为探索dim-7对核子衰变的贡献铺平了道路，并激励未来对这些奇异模式的搜索。

英文摘要

We study chiral matching of dimension-7 (dim-7) baryon-number-violating operators in low-energy effective field theory. We show that all dim-7 operators can be classified into two distinct Lorentz structures and their chirality-flipped counterparts, and we derive their leading-order hadronic realizations in chiral perturbation theory. As an application, we systematically investigate $ΔI=3/2$ nucleon decays, including $n\to \ell^-π^+$, $p\to \ell^- π^+π^+$, and $n\to \ell^- π^+ (π^0, η)$, with $\ell=e,~μ$. Using existing experimental bounds on $n\to \ell^-π^+$, we set stringent constraints on the relevant Wilson coefficients and derive improved lower limits on the partial lifetimes of the six three-body modes from their correlations with the two-body modes. We further present a concrete ultraviolet model that generates the dim-7 operators and the associated $ΔI=3/2$ nucleon decays at leading order. Our results pave the way for exploring dim-7 contributions to nucleon decays and motivate future searches for these exotic modes.

发表机构

• State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University（华南师范大学量子物质研究院核物理与技术国家重点实验室）
• Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science（广东省基础与应用基础研究基金委物质结构与基本相互作用卓越中心广东省核科学重点实验室）

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12 pages, 6 figures