发表机构
Eindhoven University of Technology（埃因霍温理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对建筑散热器供暖系统，提出一种考虑水力相互作用的灰箱模型，并集成到MPC框架中动态优化阀门与供水温度，实验显示RMSE降低约11%，舒适度违规减少至少27%。
AI 中文摘要
水循环散热器系统是建筑中最广泛使用的供暖系统之一。在文献中，设计控制器时，散热器热输出通常被假设为彼此独立且可随时间任意调节。然而，在实践中，散热器由一个或多个公共热源供应，并通过水循环系统在水力上耦合。因此，在多区域建筑中维持 occupant 舒适度不仅需要适当的供水温度，还需要适当的水力平衡，以根据每个区域的热需求分配可用水流量。为此，我们开发了一个灰箱热模型，该模型捕捉了散热器之间的水力相互作用以及散热器阀门、循环泵和热源的影响。在一栋真实建筑中，我们表明，与忽略这些相互作用的模型相比，考虑水力相互作用可将测量与模拟区域温度之间的均方根误差（RMSE）降低约 11%。此外，我们将所开发的模型集成到模型预测控制（MPC）框架中，用于动态水力平衡，该框架联合优化阀门开度和供水温度，以在降低能耗的同时维持每个区域的热舒适性。通过实际实验和数值案例研究，我们证明，与忽略水力相互作用或不控制散热器阀门的现有 MPC 公式相比，所提出的 MPC 将舒适度范围违规至少减少 27%，同时要求相似甚至更低的累计供水温度。
英文摘要
Hydronic radiator systems are among the most widely used heating systems in buildings. In the literature, radiator heat outputs are often assumed to be independent of one another and arbitrarily adjustable in time when designing controllers. However, in practice, radiators are supplied by one or multiple common heat sources and are hydraulically coupled through the water circulation system. Maintaining occupant comfort in multi-zone buildings therefore requires not only an appropriate supply temperature but also proper hydraulic balancing to distribute the available water flow according to the heating demand of each zone. To this end, we develop a grey-box thermal model that captures the hydraulic interactions among radiators and the effects of radiator valves, circulation pumps, and heat sources. In a real building, we show that accounting for hydraulic interactions reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) between the measured and modeled zone temperatures by approximately 11% compared with a model that neglects these interactions. Additionally, we integrate the developed model into a model predictive control (MPC) framework for dynamic hydraulic balancing that jointly optimizes valve openings and the supply temperature to maintain thermal comfort in each zone while reducing energy consumption. Through both real-world experiments and numerical case studies, we demonstrate that, compared with existing MPC formulations that neglect hydraulic interactions or do not control radiator valves, the proposed MPC reduces comfort-range violations by at least 27% while requiring a similar or even lower cumulative supply temperature.
