发表机构
The University of Sydney; University of Portsmouth; Swinburne University of Technology（悉尼大学; 朴茨茅斯大学; 斯威本科技大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用恒星运动学约束多平面透镜模型，消除质量片简并，通过SDSS J0946+1006系统联合HST成像与VLT-MUSE速度弥散数据，获得与Planck和Pantheon一致的暗能量约束，并展示其在w0-wa平面上的互补价值。
AI 中文摘要
SDSS J0946+1006是通过透镜建模测量宇宙学参数的一个有吸引力的目标。它是研究最充分的星系尺度强引力透镜系统，具有多个源，其红移间隔非常适合约束暗能量状态方程。然而，具有自由宇宙学参数的多平面透镜模型存在多平面质量片简并的风险，尽管这种简并可以通过非透镜效应的偏折体密度轮廓示踪剂来消除。我们同时重建了近红外和近紫外HST成像，同时纳入来自VLT-MUSE的速度弥散测量以约束前景偏折体。无论推断的运动学是否真实，成像都能被忠实地重建，但我们发现运动学约束对于将偏好的宇宙学移至与其他暗能量探针无显著张力的区域至关重要。偏折体密度轮廓扰动，通过亚结构和多极暗物质晕形状变形，对推断的宇宙学只有适度影响。将我们的基准模型与Planck CMB数据结合，得到$w=-1.01^{+0.08}_{-0.13}$；或与Pantheon SNe Ia结合，得到$w=-0.99^{+0.13}_{-0.15}$。我们进一步表明，该系统在演化暗能量模型的$w_{0}$-$w_{a}$平面上被证明是一个非常有价值的互补探针，并且当与其他数据集结合时看到的DESI BAO与ΛCDM的张紧在该透镜结合时并未重现，得到$(w_{0}, w_{a})=(-0.87^{+0.10}_{-0.11}, -0.22^{+0.28}_{-0.25})$。该系统的第三个源，通过MUSE可见，对wCDM的约束较弱，但可能增强w0waCDM的约束，尽管需要沿其视线方向进一步的质量模型复杂性。总体而言，运动学信息丰富的多平面透镜建模是获得有竞争力的暗能量约束的稳健途径，即使仅使用单个系统也是如此。
英文摘要
SDSS J0946+1006 is an attractive target for measuring cosmological parameters through lens modelling. It is the best-studied galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens with multiple sources whose redshift separations are well-suited to constraining the dark energy equation of state. However, multi-plane lens models with free cosmological parameters risk a multi-plane mass-sheet degeneracy, although this can be lifted by a non-lensing deflector density profile tracer. We simultaneously reconstruct near-infrared and near-ultraviolet HST imaging whilst including a velocity dispersion measurement from VLT-MUSE to constrain the foreground deflector. Imaging is reconstructed faithfully regardless of whether the inferred kinematics are realistic, though we find the kinematic constraint essential for shifting the preferred cosmology into a region not in significant tension with other dark energy probes. Deflector density profile perturbations, via substructure and multipolar halo shape deformations, have only a modest effect on inferred cosmology. Combining our fiducial model with Planck CMB data yields $w=-1.01^{+0.08}_{-0.13}$; or, combined with Pantheon SNe Ia, $w=-0.99^{+0.13}_{-0.15}$. We further show that this system proves a remarkably valuable complementary probe in the $w_{0}$-$w_{a}$ plane of an evolving dark energy model, and that the DESI BAO tension with $Λ$CDM seen when combined with other datasets is not reproduced when combined with this lens, yielding $(w_{0}, w_{a})=(-0.87^{+0.10}_{-0.11}, -0.22^{+0.28}_{-0.25})$. The system's third source, visible with MUSE, only weakly constrains $w$CDM but may strengthen $w_{0}w_{a}$CDM constraints, though further mass-model complexity along its line of sight is required. Overall, kinematics-informed multi-plane lens modelling is a robust route to competitive dark energy constraints, even with a single system.
Comments18 pages, 16 figures, 3 appendices. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
