10米长放电等离子体源用于等离子体尾场加速的演示
Demonstration of a 10-metre-long discharge plasma source for plasma wakefield acceleration
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中文总结 AI 辅助
CERN的AWAKE实验首次验证了10米长脉冲直流放电等离子体源，在三种惰性气体中实现稳定密度，质子束自调制频率与干涉测量一致，可重复性达0.63%，确立其作为束驱动尾场实验的替代方案。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
CERN的AWAKE实验使用高能质子束在单一等离子体中驱动等离子体尾场，能够将电子束加速至数百GeV。实现这一潜力需要一种能够延伸至数十米长且保持高纵向均匀性和可重复性的等离子体源。为此，我们报告了首个10米长脉冲直流放电等离子体源（DPS）的实验表征和基于束流的验证，该源作为激光电离铷蒸气等离子体源（VPS）的替代方案。DPS在三种惰性气体（He、Ar、Xe）中可靠地提供了电子密度在10$^{14}$至10$^{15}$ cm$^{-3}$之间的等离子体密度。在三种气体下均观察到质子束自调制，所得调制频率被用作基于束流的等离子体密度诊断，与实验室干涉测量结果吻合良好。事件间调制频率被证明可重复性在0.63%以内，与VPS相当。这些结果确立了DPS作为束驱动尾场实验中有效替代等离子体源的可行性，并支持其向更长等离子体长度的进一步发展。当前设计针对AWAKE需求定制，但底层放电概念为其他束-等离子体实验提供了通过放电-束流时序实现简单密度控制的长且可重复的等离子体源的路径。
英文摘要
The AWAKE experiment at CERN uses high-energy proton bunches to drive plasma wakefields capable of accelerating electron bunches up to hundreds of GeV in a single plasma. Realising this potential requires a plasma source that can extend to tens of metres while maintaining high longitudinal uniformity and reproducibility. Towards this goal, we report on the first experimental characterisation and beam-based validation of a 10-metre-long pulsed-DC discharge plasma source (DPS) used as an alternative to the laser-ionised rubidium vapour plasma source (VPS). The DPS reliably delivered plasma densities in three noble gases (He, Ar, Xe) at electron densities between 10$^{14}$ and 10$^{15}$ cm$^{-3}$. Proton bunch self-modulation was observed with all three gases, and the resulting modulation frequency was used as a beam-based diagnostic of the plasma density, showing good agreement with laboratory interferometry measurements. The event-to-event modulation frequency was demonstrated to be reproducible to within 0.63%, comparable to that of the VPS. These results establish the DPS as a valid alternative plasma source for beam-driven wakefield experiments, and support its further development towards longer plasma lengths. The present design is tailored to AWAKE requirements, but the underlying discharge concept provides a route to long, reproducible plasma sources with straightforward density control through discharge-beam timing for other beam-plasma experiments.
发表机构
- CERN（欧洲核子研究组织）
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati（意大利国家核物理研究所弗朗卡蒂实验室）
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