氢环境中的激光冲击强化：耦合应力输运捕获机制与应用缺口
Laser Shock Peening in Hydrogen Environments: Coupled Stress Transport Trapping Mechanisms and Application Gaps
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本综述将激光冲击强化视为氢环境中受耦合应力与氢输运捕获机制调控的表面层设计策略，指出压缩残余应力可抑制氢致裂纹，并识别出应力-缺陷结构与氢辅助疲劳裂纹扩展缺乏定量关联及冲击韧性数据缺失两大应用缺口。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
氢脆限制了高强度钢和先进合金在氢基础设施中的部署。激光冲击强化（LSP）日益被视为一种缓解途径，因为它将深层压缩残余应力与近表面微观结构改性相结合。本综述并非将LSP视为孤立的强化处理，而是将其视为一种由耦合应力、氢输运和捕获机制共同主导的表面层设计策略。来自钢、镍基合金和增材制造材料的证据表明，压缩残余应力可抑制应力辅助的氢输运并延迟裂纹萌生，而LSP诱导的纳米结构、位错、孪晶和界面既可有益地重新分布氢，也可能促进局部塑性和损伤。已报道的趋势常因充氢方式、表面粗糙度、污染、残余应力深度分布以及有限的结构-性能相关性而受到混淆。本综述识别出两个设计关键缺口：缺乏后LSP应力/缺陷结构与氢辅助疲劳裂纹扩展之间的定量关联，以及缺乏LSP后氢暴露条件下冲击韧性数据的近乎空白。本综述提出了机制驱动的合格化路线，结合残余应力映射、氢表征、服役代表性力学测试和建模。
英文摘要
Hydrogen embrittlement limits the deployment of high-strength steels and advanced alloys in hydrogen infrastructure. Laser shock peening (LSP) is increasingly considered as a mitigation route because it combines deep compressive residual stresses with near-surface microstructural modification. This review critically assesses LSP not as an isolated strengthening treatment, but as a surface layer design strategy governed by coupled stress, hydrogen transport and trapping mechanisms. Evidence from steels, nickel based alloys and additively manufactured materials shows that compressive residual stresses may suppress stress assisted hydrogen transport and delay crack initiation, while LSP-induced nanostructuring, dislocations, twins and interfaces can either redistribute hydrogen beneficially or promote localized plasticity and damage. Reported trends are frequently confounded by hydrogen charging mode, surface roughness, contamination, residual stress depth profiling and limited structure performance correlations. Two design critical gaps are identified: the lack of quantitative links between post-LSP stress/defect architectures and hydrogen assisted fatigue crack growth, and the near absence of impact toughness data after LSP under hydrogen exposure. The review proposes mechanism informed qualification routes combining residual stress mapping, hydrogen characterization, service representative mechanical testing and modelling.
发表机构
- HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences（捷克科学院物理研究所 HiLASE 中心）
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