发表机构
Xi’an Jiaotong University; Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University); Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology; Quantum Technology Centre, Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University（西安交通大学; 俄罗斯科学院光谱研究所; 莫斯科物理技术学院（国立研究型大学）; 斯科尔科沃科学技术研究所; 莫斯科国立大学物理系量子技术中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文在光子分形谢尔宾斯基拓扑绝缘体中首次实现了稳定的无阈值拓扑角涡旋孤子，引入角动量自由度，为拓扑保护涡旋光子学开辟新途径。
AI 中文摘要
量子化涡旋在物理学中普遍存在，涵盖超导、天体物理、超流凝聚态系统以及非线性光学等领域。然而，将涡旋性嵌入拓扑保护的非线性态一直是一个重大挑战，此前在高阶拓扑绝缘体（HOTIs）中观察到的所有角孤子仅表现出平凡的相位分布。在此，我们报告了在光子分形HOTI中首次实现稳定的拓扑角涡旋孤子。利用激光写入的波导阵列，其形状为具有可控畸变的谢尔宾斯基垫片，我们设计了线性拓扑涡旋模式，非线性角涡旋孤子从这些模式中分叉产生。此外，我们证明这些孤子在较宽的功率范围内表现出卓越的鲁棒性，并且与拓扑平凡晶格中的涡旋孤子不同，它们在没有功率阈值的情况下形成。我们的结果将角动量自由度引入拓扑角模物理，为基于涡旋的拓扑保护光子学开辟了前景。
英文摘要
Quantized vortices are ubiquitous in physics, spanning superconductivity, astrophysics, superfluid condensed matter systems, and nonlinear optics. Yet embedding vorticity into topologically protected nonlinear states has remained a major challenge, with all previously observed corner solitons in higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) exhibiting only trivial phase distributions. Here, we report on the first realization of stable topological corner vortex solitons in a photonic fractal HOTI. Using an array of laser-written waveguides in the shape of Sierpiński gasket with a controllable distortion, we design linear topological vortex modes, from which nonlinear corner vortex solitons bifurcate. Moreover, we demonstrate that these solitons exhibit exceptional robustness across a broad power range and, unlike vortex solitons in topologically trivial lattices, form without a power threshold. Our results introduce the angular momentum degree of freedom into the physics of topological corner modes, opening prospects for topologically protected vortex-based photonics.
Comments8 pages, 5 figures
Journal refScience Bulletin 71, 3875-3880 (2026)
DOI：10.1016/j.scib.2026.06.052
