发表机构
INTFRAME Research（INTFRAME研究公司）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过形态感知的超额词汇分析，发现韩国KCI期刊摘要自2024年末出现LLM相关语域转变，并提出条件下限估计，表明LLM处理比例逐年上升。
AI 中文摘要
超额词汇，即某个词在2023年前趋势之上的频率，是衡量2022年后学术英语变化的方式。我们将其适配到韩语，使用398,296篇KCI摘要（2018年至2026年8月）中的形态单位，并以47,165篇越南语摘要作为对比。安慰剂下限为单词统计量的0.1-2.2个百分点，重新选择的半分集统计量最多为2.9。韩语摘要显示2023年无变化，2024年末开始出现，2025年上升，2026年中趋于平稳：sisahada“suggest”出现在2026年摘要的21.4%中，而预期为5.3%；普通动词如araboda“look into”降至趋势的四分之一。在所述假设下，2024-2026年LLM处理摘要的单词条件下限分别为3.5%、10.5%和16.1%，半分集界限为7.8%、20.6%和33.0%。Holzwarth等人的估计器在相同约束下给出2025-2026年的41.9%和72.1%。主题控制减少但未消除该现象：将集合限制为三个语言模型标注者均称为风格的词元，33.0个百分点中留下14.7个；将每篇2026年摘要与其期刊最接近的基期摘要配对，留下34.1个。测试的翻译路径无法解释该现象：随着标记上升，翻译韩语的表面标记下降。在同一篇文章的英文摘要中，超额出现早一年；在英文侧无此现象的地方，韩语转变持续存在，其速率相当于有现象处的30%至66%。来自三个提供者的对照摘要再现了上升词汇，标记更替与模型生成一致；隐含流行率取决于情景。
英文摘要
Excess vocabulary, a word's frequency above its pre-2023 trend, is how the change in scholarly English after 2022 has been measured. We adapt it to Korean with morphological units on 398,296 KCI abstracts (2018-August 2026), with 47,165 Vietnamese abstracts for comparison. Placebo floors are 0.1-2.2 points for the single-word statistic and at most 2.9 for the re-selected split-half set statistic. Korean abstracts show nothing in 2023, onset in late 2024, a rise through 2025 flattening in mid-2026: sisahada "suggest" appears in 21.4% of 2026 abstracts against 5.3% expected; plain verbs like araboda "look into" fall to a quarter of trend. Under stated assumptions the single-word conditional lower bound on LLM-processed abstracts is 3.5%, 10.5% and 16.1% for 2024-2026 and a split-half set bound 7.8%, 20.6% and 33.0%. Holzwarth et al.'s estimator under the same discipline gives 41.9% and 72.1% for 2025-2026. Subject-matter controls reduce but do not remove it: restricting the set to lemmas three language-model annotators all call style leaves 14.7 of the 33.0 points, and pairing each 2026 abstract with its journal's closest base-period abstract leaves 34.1. Tested translation routes do not explain it: the surface marks of translated Korean fall as the markers rise. In the same articles' English abstracts the excess appears a year earlier; where the English side carries none, the Korean shift persists at 30 to 66% of the rate where it does. Control abstracts from three providers reproduce the rising words, with marker turnover consistent with model generations; implied prevalences are scenario-dependent.
Comments30 pages, 8 figures, 31 tables. Working paper. Data, code and this version are deposited at Zenodo: doi:10.5281/zenodo.22303588
