当以利益相关者为中心的需求工程不够时:一项关于遗留系统现代化的行动研究
When Stakeholder-centric Requirements Engineering is Not Enough: An Action Research Study on Legacy System Modernisation
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过跨国能源公司的行动研究,发现以利益相关者为中心的需求工程虽能生成有效需求,但不足以支持遗留系统现代化的差距分析,需结合不确定性感知、迭代和基于证据的实践。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
遗留系统现代化是数字化转型中的一项重大挑战,尤其是当组织依赖于那些寿命长、对业务至关重要且仅被部分理解的系统时。在此背景下,组织必须在确定当前系统实际功能以及哪些功能应保留、调整或替换的同时,定义未来需求。因此,现代化不仅是技术挑战,也是需求工程(RE)问题,并受利益相关者观点的影响。本研究考察了在以遗留系统现代化为背景的现状系统与目标系统之间的差距分析中,以利益相关者为中心的RE能在多大程度上提供支持。我们在一家正在进行系统现代化的跨国能源公司中开展了一项行动研究。在研究中,我们应用了以利益相关者为中心的RE实践,包括利益相关者识别、半结构化 elicitation 访谈、通过德尔菲法达成共识,以及使用MoSCoW方法进行优先级排序。结果表明,这一过程在生成利益相关者普遍认为可理解且正确的需求方面是有效的,但在就所引出的需求如何映射到遗留系统功能达成共识方面效果较差。研究结果表明,以利益相关者为中心的RE是必要的但不够充分,指出了对不确定性敏感、迭代且基于证据的现代化实践的需求,这些实践应将利益相关者的观点与对遗留系统的手动和工具辅助分析相结合。
英文摘要
Legacy system modernisation is a major challenge in digital transformation, especially when organisations depend on long-lived, business-critical systems that are only partly understood. In such context, organisations must define future needs while determining what current systems actually do and which functions to retain, adapt, or replace. Modernisation is therefore not only a technical challenge but also a requirements engineering (RE) problem, shaped by stakeholder perspectives. This study examines how far stakeholder-centric RE can support gap analysis between the system-as-is and the system-to-be in a legacy modernisation context. We conducted an action research study in a multinational energy company engaged in system modernisation. In the study, we applied stakeholder-centric RE practices, including stakeholder identification, semi-structured elicitation interviews, agreement-building through the Delphi method, and prioritisation with the MoSCoW method. The results show that this process was effective in producing requirements stakeholders generally viewed as understandable and correct, but less effective in achieving agreement on how elicited requirements mapped to legacy system functionality. The findings suggest that stakeholder-centric RE is necessary but not sufficient, pointing to the need for uncertainty-aware, iterative, and evidence-based modernisation practices that combine stakeholder perspectives with manual and tool-assisted analysis of legacy systems.
发表机构
- Jheronimus Academy of Data Science(杰罗尼穆斯数据科学学院)
- TU Eindhoven(埃因霍温理工大学)
- University College Dublin(都柏林大学学院)
- CNR-ISTI(意大利国家研究委员会信息技术与系统工程研究所)
- University of Tilburg(蒂尔堡大学)
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