发表机构
University of Tennessee; Rice University; Rice Advanced Materials Institute; University of California, Berkeley（田纳西大学; 莱斯大学; 莱斯先进材料研究所; 加州大学伯克利分校）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
提出SPARC框架，通过编码智能体与人类操作员协作，利用持久记忆文件重构铁电薄膜超畴方向，发现空间极性交替决定方向选择，并成功打印UTK图案。
AI 中文摘要
当可观测变量、可用操作和目标在实验开始前已定义时（如贝叶斯优化），自动化实验最为有效。然而，在许多探索性实验中，描述样品的变量必须从数据中提取，新操作在实验过程中涌现，且仪器预算过小，无法通过试错来学习问题。在此，我们引入了扫描探针智能体研究循环（SPARC）框架，其中编码智能体与人类操作员共享一台显微镜、一个笔记本和两个持久化记忆文件。this http URL存储关于实验的分级结论，而this http URL记录已学习的分析和仪器失败模式。我们将SPARC应用于重构(111)取向的PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3薄膜的面内超畴方向。在一次操作员监督的活动中，智能体重新分析了早期手动测量，并开发了一种具有交替极性的定向静态偏压脉冲晶格，以重构超畴方向。在随后的智能体控制活动中，this http URL条目被编译为在任何写入前验证设计的检查。实验表明，空间极性交替（而非晶格与层状周期之间的精确匹配）决定了方向选择。将光栅扫描与掩蔽脉冲晶格相结合，将字母UTK打印到超畴取向中。该活动还确定了智能体实验的实际要求，包括仪器执行的物理验证、存储发现保持有效的条件、对仪器数据上新可观测量的验证以及稳健的控制协议。
英文摘要
Automated experimentation is most effective when the observables, available actions, and objective are defined before the experiment starts, as is the case for Bayesian optimization. However, in many exploratory experiments, the variables that describe the sample must be extracted from the data, new operations emerge during the experiments, and the instrument budget is too small to learn the problem by trials. Here we introduce the Scanning Probe Agentic Research Cycle (SPARC) framework, in which a coding agent and a human operator share one microscope, one notebook, and two persistent memory files. FINDINGS.md stores graded conclusions about the experiment, whereas PITFALLS.md records learned failure modes of analysis and instrument. We apply SPARC to reconfigure the in-plane superdomain direction of a (111)-oriented PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 film. In an operator-supervised campaign, the agent reanalyzed earlier manual measurements and developed an oriented lattice of stationary bias pulses with alternating polarity to reconfigure the superdomain direction. In a subsequent agent-controlled campaign, PITFALLS.md entries were compiled into checks that validate a design before any write. The experiments showed that spatial polarity alternation, instead of the exact matching between the lattice and lamellar periods, determines directional selection. Combining a raster scan with a masked pulse lattice printed the letters UTK into the superdomain orientation. The campaign also identified practical requirements for agentic experimentation where physical verification of instrument execution, the conditions under which stored findings remain valid, validation of new observables on instrument data, and robust control protocols.
