发表机构
Research Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University（白俄罗斯国立大学核问题研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文系统研究高能相对论性沟道粒子因晶体电子非相干散射导致的退沟道效应，提出区分扩散与瞬时退沟道过程，给出均方投影散射角表达式，支持有效最小动量引入及模拟方法。
AI 中文摘要
本文系统研究了在模拟高能相对论性带电粒子因晶体原子电子的非相干散射而导致的退沟道效应时必须考虑的各种影响。考虑了在凝聚态物质中高能相对论能量下粒子电磁场的变化。同时考虑了集体化电子和原子内壳层电子的激发，并计及热振动和晶体中原子非均匀周期分布的影响。描述了沟道粒子在电子上阻止本领和均方散射角计算中的差异。论证了有必要将这两者区分为扩散过程（伴随传递的横向动量不超过沟道粒子的横向动量）和瞬时退沟道过程（传递的动量更大，其变化范围可达几个数量级）。本工作的主要结果是单位长度内平行于原子平面和垂直于原子平面的均方投影散射角的表达式，这些表达式还允许引入非相干散射的有效最小动量。两种类型的表达式都完全考虑了晶体电子向沿经典轨迹运动的粒子传递动量的非局域效应，并为模拟超相对论正电荷粒子的非相干散射提供了简单方法的表述。
英文摘要
This article systematically examines the effects that must be taken into account when modeling the dechanneling of highly ultrarelativistic charged particles caused by incoherent scattering by electrons of crystal atoms. Changes in the particle electromagnetic field that occur in condensed matter at highly ultrarelativistic energies are taken into account. The excitation of both collectivized electrons and inner-shell electrons of atoms is considered, taking into account thermal vibrations and the inhomogeneous periodic distribution of atoms in crystals. Differences in the calculations of stopping power and mean square scattering angle by electron of channeled particles are described. The need to separate both of them into diffuse processes, accompanied by the transmission of a transverse momentum which does not exceed the transverse momentum of the channeled particles, and instantaneous dechanneling processes with a greater transmitted momentum, the variation range of which reaches several orders of magnitude, is substantiated. The main result of the present work is expressions for the mean square projected scattering angles per unit length in planes parallel and perpendicular to the atomic plane, which also allow for the introduction of effective minimum momenta for incoherent scattering. Expressions of both types take into consideration completely the nonlocal effects of momentum transfer from crystal electrons to particles moving along classical trajectories, and allow for the formulation of simple methods for modeling the incoherent scattering of ultrarelativistic positively charged particles.
Comments32 pages, 4 figures
