无辅助比特的低深度随机幺正变换
Low-Depth Random Unitaries without Ancillae
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文证明无需辅助比特即可在最优深度下生成随机幺正变换,通过精确化引理实现精确k-设计,显著降低空间-时间成本。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
随机幺正变换是量子信息和多体物理的基础,在量子学习、计量学以及设备基准测试等领域有着广泛的应用。一个核心的追求是尽可能减少生成它们所需的空间和电路深度。然而,现有的生成低深度随机幺正变换的方法严重依赖于大量的辅助量子比特,造成了巨大的空间开销。在这项工作中,我们证明了在没有辅助比特的情况下,可以以最优深度生成随机幺正变换。对于$n$个量子比特上的乘法误差近似$k$-设计,我们的电路在$\u03b4$维架构上实现了$\u007e{O}(k)(\u006cog n)^{1/\u03b4}$的深度,在全连接拓扑下实现了$\u007e{O}(k)\u006cog \u006cog n$的深度。此外,通过引入一个通用的精确化引理,我们将我们的构造提升到最优深度的精确$k$-设计,相对于最先进的精确构造,实现了指数级的资源减少。我们的结果最小化了广泛量子协议的空间-时间成本。
英文摘要
Random unitaries are fundamental to quantum information and many-body physics, with widespread applications ranging from quantum learning and metrology to device benchmarking. A central pursuit is to minimize the space and circuit depth required to generate them. However, existing methods for generating low-depth random unitaries rely heavily on an extensive number of ancillary qubits, imposing severe spatial overhead. In this work, we prove that random unitaries can be generated in optimal depth without ancillae. For multiplicative-error approximate $k$-designs on $n$ qubits, our circuits achieve a depth of $\widetilde{O} (k) (\log n)^{1/δ}$ on $δ$-dimensional architectures and $\widetilde{O}(k) \log \log n$ with all-to-all connectivity. Furthermore, by introducing a general exactification lemma, we lift our construction to optimal-depth exact $k$-designs, yielding an exponential resource reduction over state-of-the-art exact constructions. Our results minimize the space-time costs for a wide range of quantum protocols.
发表机构
- Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University(清华大学交叉信息研究院量子信息中心)
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