AI 中文总结
本文研究孤独跑者猜想,通过傅里叶分析和几何重述,证明任何反例或紧致实例满足特定线性关系,从而限制在有限超平面上,并推广到更一般情形,蕴含Czerwiński的随机结果。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了由Jörg M. Wills在20世纪60年代提出的孤独跑者猜想(LRC):给定正整数$n_1, n_2, \dots, n_k$,存在一个正实数$t$,使得对所有$1 \le j \le k$,$t \\, n_j$到最近整数的距离至少为$\frac{1}{k+1}$。我们证明,对于LRC的任何反例或紧致实例$\mathbf{n}$,存在某个$\mathbf{m} \in \mathbb{Z}^k$满足$0 < \\| \mathbf{m} \\|_1 \le \min(2k+3, \\ \frac{k+1}{k-1} \mathrm{flt}(k))$,使得$\mathbf{m} \cdot \mathbf{n} = 0$,其中$\mathrm{flt}(k)$表示Khinchin(1948)的平坦度常数,该常数限制了没有内部整数点的$k$维凸体的格宽。换句话说,LRC的潜在反例位于参数空间中的有限个超平面上。我们的证明使用傅里叶分析和LRC的几何重新表述,并且我们的结果推广到具有不同孤独度度量的移位孤独跑者情形。我们的结果蕴含并推广了Czerwiński(2012)的一个定理:当我们随机选择$\mathbf{n}$时,概率趋于1,孤独度度量$\frac{1}{k+1}$可以被$\frac{1}{2} - \epsilon$替换。
英文摘要
We study the Lonely Runner Conjecture (LRC), conceived by Jörg M. Wills in the 1960's: Given positive integers $n_1, n_2, \dots, n_k$, there exists a positive real number $t$ such that for all $1 \le j \le k$ the distance of $t \,n_j$ to the nearest integer is at least $\frac{ 1 }{ k+1 }$. We prove that for any counterexample or tight instance $\mathbf{n}$ of LRC, $\mathbf{m} \cdot \mathbf{n} = 0$ for some $\mathbf{m} \in \mathbb{Z}^k$ with $0 < \| \mathbf{m} \|_1 \le \min(2k+3, \ \frac{ k+1 }{ k-1 } \mathrm{flt}(k))$ where $\mathrm{flt}(k)$ denotes Khinchin's (1948) flatness constant limiting the lattice width of a $k$-dimensional convex body without interior integer points. In other words, potential counterexamples to LRC lie on a finite set of hyperplanes in the parameter space. Our proofs use Fourier analysis and a geometric reformulation of LRC, and our results generalize to the situation of shifted lonely runners of varying measures of loneliness. Our results imply and generalize a theorem of Czerwiński (2012) that when we choose $\mathbf{n}$ at random then, with probability tending to 1, the measure of loneliness $\frac{1}{ k+1 }$ can be replaced by $\frac 1 2 - ε$.
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