SPARC：面向高中频段无线射线追踪的稀疏路径感知残差校准器
SPARC: Sparse Path-Aware Residual Calibrator for Wireless Ray Tracing at Upper Mid-Band
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中文总结 AI 辅助
SPARC提出一种轻量级稀疏线性残差校准方法，利用标准RT特征和岭回归，在不修改射线追踪器的情况下，将室内每条路径功率RMSE从约19-23 dB降至约5 dB，适用于高中频段站点特定网络规划。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
精确的站点特定射线追踪（RT）对于高中频段网络规划至关重要，然而在杂乱的室内环境中，原始RT可能产生每条路径的多径分量（MPC）功率误差，其量级约为19–24 dB。一个固定几何形状的材料敏感性界表明，在所考虑的室内材料中，30%的相对介电常数扰动会使每次表面交互的误差最多改变6.28 dB。然而，即使仅有一次表面交互的MPC也表现出19.2 dB的平均RT-测量偏差，这表明缺失的杂乱物、位移的表面以及简化的3D几何形状主导了每条路径的RT误差。我们提出了SPARC（稀疏路径感知残差校准器），一种轻量级的每条路径校准方法，该方法从一次完整的RT模拟中学习一个稀疏线性残差模型。SPARC使用通过嵌套交叉验证按折选取的标准RT特征，并采用岭正则化和功率门控路径匹配；四个特征在两个环境中均出现。使用在6.75和16.95 GHz下测量的室内工厂（InF）和室内热点（InH）数据集，SPARC将每条路径的功率RMSE从InF中的18.74 dB降低到4.74 dB，从InH中的23.12 dB降低到5.39 dB。一个联合训练的InF+InH模型实现了5.73 dB的RMSE。当来自一个发射机位置的所有链路被留出用于测试时，SPARC在InF中实现了4.99 dB的RMSE，在InH中实现了5.85 dB的RMSE。因此，SPARC为站点特定的每条路径功率预测提供了一个实用的后处理校准层，无需修改射线追踪器或进行额外的RT运行。
英文摘要
Accurate site-specific ray tracing (RT) is essential for upper mid-band network planning, yet raw RT can produce per-path multipath component (MPC) power errors on the order of 19--24~dB in cluttered indoor environments. A fixed-geometry material-sensitivity bound shows that a 30% relative-permittivity perturbation changes each surface interaction by at most 6.28~dB across the considered indoor materials. However, even MPCs with only one surface interaction exhibit a 19.2~dB mean RT--measurement bias, suggesting that missing clutter, displaced surfaces, and simplified 3D geometry dominate the per-path RT error. We propose SPARC (Sparse Path-Aware Residual Calibrator), a lightweight per-path calibration method that learns a sparse linear residual model from one completed RT simulation. SPARC uses standard RT features selected per fold by nested cross-validation, with ridge regularization and power-gated path matching; four features recur in both environments. Using measured indoor factory (InF) and indoor hotspot (InH) datasets at 6.75 and 16.95~GHz, SPARC reduces per-path power RMSE from 18.74 to 4.74~dB in InF and from 23.12 to 5.39~dB in InH. A jointly trained InF+InH model achieves 5.73~dB RMSE. When all links from one transmitter location are held out for testing, SPARC achieves 4.99~dB RMSE in InF and 5.85~dB RMSE in InH. SPARC therefore provides a practical post-processing calibration layer for site-specific per-path power prediction without ray-tracer modification or additional RT runs.
发表机构
- New York University（纽约大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
