旋转磁性微粒的径向与横向相互作用对偶动力学的控制
Controlling pair dynamics of rotating magnetic microparticles through radial and transverse interactions
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- Peking University（北京大学）
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院力学研究所）
- Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology（西安建筑科技大学）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出简化框架，将旋转磁性微粒对相互作用分解为径向与横向分量，揭示三种运动模式，推导转变判据，并通过格子玻尔兹曼模拟验证，为微型机器人组装控制提供设计规则。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
旋转磁性微粒是场驱动组装和微型机器人控制的基本构建单元。作为更大组装体的基本相互作用规则，这些系统中的对运动不仅受磁力驱动，还受流体动力学耦合和其他长程相互作用的影响。在此，我们开发了一个用于两个同步旋转磁性微粒的简化框架，将相互作用分解为改变粒子间距的径向分量和旋转粒子连心线的横向分量。磁偶极相互作用、附加径向排斥和旋转诱导的横向耦合之间的竞争选择了三种对运动模式：刚体旋转、接触-分离旋转和不可逆分离。我们推导了刚体状态、反向轨道运动和分离边界的转变判据，并获得了分离动力学的渐近解。在壁附近旋转的粒子的格子玻尔兹曼模拟提供了该模型的流体动力学实现，其中惯性二次流产生径向排斥，旋转流产生横向耦合。在物理$(\mathrm{Re},C_m)$平面上的相图与简化模型的预测一致。这些结果为编程旋转磁性粒子系统中的基本对相互作用提供了设计规则，并可能有助于指导微型机器人组装的控制。
英文摘要
Rotating magnetic microparticles are building blocks for field-driven assembly and microrobotic control. As the elementary interaction rule for larger assemblies, pair motion in these systems is governed not only by magnetic forcing, but also by hydrodynamic coupling and other long-range interactions. Here we develop a reduced framework for two synchronized rotating magnetic particles by resolving the interactions into radial components that change the interparticle distance and transverse components that rotate the line of centers. The competition between magnetic dipolar interaction, additional radial repulsion, and rotation-induced transverse coupling selects three pair-motion modes: rigid-body rotation, contact-separation rotation, and irreversible separation. We derive transition criteria for the rigid-body state, reversed orbital motion, and the separation boundary, and obtain an asymptotic solution for the separation dynamics. Lattice Boltzmann simulations of particles rotating near a wall provide a hydrodynamic realization of the model, in which inertial secondary flow generates radial repulsion and rotational flow produces transverse coupling. The resulting phase diagram in the physical $(\mathrm{Re},C_m)$ plane is consistent with the reduced-model predictions. These results provide design rules for programming elementary pair interactions in rotating magnetic-particle systems and may help guide the control of microrobotic assemblies.
