发表机构
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University; Dipartimento di Fisica and ICRA, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”（墨西哥国立自治大学核科学研究所; 费森可夫天体物理研究所; 阿里-法拉比哈萨克国立大学; 罗马大学“智慧大学”物理系及ICRA中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究计算了外部磁场中量子 Oppenheimer--Snyder 黑洞的薄吸积盘性质与俘获截面，发现量子参数影响微弱而磁场显著增强辐射效率，且阴影仅由量子参数决定。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了一个浸没在外部、渐近均匀磁场中的量子 Oppenheimer--Snyder 黑洞的几何薄、光学厚 Novikov--Thorne 吸积盘以及引力俘获截面。外部几何携带一个量子参数，我们研究其整个允许范围，该范围包含双视界黑洞、极端构型和无视界致密天体，并在光子球消失处结束。由于时空是静态的，Wald 势是纯轴向的，因此磁场仅通过洛伦兹力作用于弱带电吸积物质，其所有效应都由单一磁耦合控制。我们计算了带电圆轨道、最内层稳定圆轨道、辐射通量、有效温度、红移因子、微分和光谱光度以及辐射效率，以及边缘束缚轨道和无质量、有质量和带电粒子的俘获截面。该构造通过精确的 Schwarzschild 极限和将热光度与效率联系起来的恒等式进行了检验。量子参数仅微弱地改变吸积盘可观测值，而磁耦合则大幅提高效率、峰值通量和光谱峰值高度，并将峰值移至更高频率。这两个参数对吸收的作用相反。量子参数使每个俘获截面缩小，而磁耦合则使有质量粒子的俘获截面增大，并使光子截面保持不变，因此在该测试场模型中，阴影可观测值仅响应量子参数。对于带电粒子，均匀磁场限制了运动，没有粒子能从磁屏蔽半径之外到达黑洞。
英文摘要
We study a geometrically thin, optically thick Novikov--Thorne accretion disk and the gravitational capture cross sections of a quantum Oppenheimer--Snyder black hole immersed in an external, asymptotically uniform magnetic field. The exterior geometry carries a single quantum parameter, and we work over its entire admissible range, which contains a two-horizon black hole, an extremal configuration and a horizonless compact object, and which ends where the photon sphere disappears. Since the spacetime is static, the Wald potential is purely axial, so the field acts on the disk only through the Lorentz force on weakly charged accreting matter and all of its effects are controlled by a single magnetic coupling. We compute the charged circular orbits, the innermost stable circular orbit, the radiative flux, the effective temperature, the redshift factor, the differential and spectral luminosity and the radiative efficiency, together with the marginally bound orbit and the capture cross sections of massless, massive and charged particles. The construction is checked against the exact Schwarzschild limit and against the identity that relates the bolometric luminosity to the efficiency. The quantum parameter changes the disk observables only weakly, whereas the magnetic coupling raises the efficiency, the peak flux and the height of the spectral peak by large factors and shifts that peak to higher frequency. The two parameters act with opposite signs on absorption. The quantum parameter shrinks every capture cross section, while the magnetic coupling enlarges the one for massive particles and leaves the photon cross section unchanged, so that within this test-field model shadow observables respond to the quantum parameter alone. For charged particles the uniform field confines the motion, and no particle reaches the hole from beyond a magnetic shielding radius.
Comments14 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
