实旋转下的退禁闭相变：矩阵模型研究
Deconfining Phase Transition under Real Rotation: A Matrix Model Study
- Guangxi Normal University（广西师范大学）
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
- South China Normal University（华南师范大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
通过矩阵模型研究实旋转下纯胶子等离子体的退禁闭相变，发现旋转导致径向不均匀性并使退禁闭温度随远离轴而下降，其角速度依赖性取决于有效质量假设。
AI中文摘要：
我们构建了一个矩阵模型，用于研究被限制在半径为${\cal R}$的圆柱体内并以实值角速度$\Omega$刚性旋转的纯胶子等离子体中的退禁闭相变，满足$\mathcal{R} \Omega<1$。退禁闭相变源于构成矩阵模型的两项之间的竞争。微扰项来自在背景场存在下计算得到的单圈有效势，而非微扰项则代表对微扰贡献的修正，该修正是通过考虑规范场的有效质量而引入的。我们的结果表明，实旋转会导致系统的径向不均匀性，并且退禁闭温度$T_c$会随着远离旋转轴而下降，这与Tolman-Ehrenfest定律一致。至于$T_c$对$\Omega$的依赖性，则取决于我们对胶子有效质量的假设。对于恒定质量，我们发现$T_c$总是随着$\Omega$的增加而降低。当考虑依赖于$\Omega$的质量时，$T_c$表现出非单调行为，导致在小角速度区域发生定性变化。此外，通过设置$\Omega=0$以消除旋转效应，我们还证明了有限体积效应相对于无限体积极限会降低退禁闭温度。将我们的结果与各种格点模拟和唯象模型的结果进行比较表明，关于实旋转如何修改退禁闭相变仍存在争议，需要进一步的工作才能得出明确的结论。
英文摘要：
We construct a matrix model to study the deconfining phase transition for a pure gluon plasma that is confined in a cylinder of radius ${\cal R}$ and rotating rigidly at a real-valued angular velocity $Ω$, satisfying $\mathcal{R} Ω<1$. The deconfining phase transition arises due to the competition between two terms that constitute the matrix model. The perturbative term comes from the one-loop effective potential computed in the presence of a background field, while the non-perturbative term represents a correction to the perturbative contribution which is brought about by taking into account an effective mass of the gauge fields. Our results show that real rotation induces a radial inhomogeneity of the system and the deconfining temperature $T_c$ drops away from the rotation axis which is consistent with the Tolman-Ehrenfest law. As for the $Ω$-dependence of $T_c$, it relies on our assumptions of the gluon effective mass. For a constant mass, $T_c$ is found to always decrease with increasing $Ω$. A non-monotonic behavior of $T_c$ shows up when a $Ω$-dependent mass is considered, leading to a qualitative change in the region of small angular velocity. In addition, by setting $Ω=0$ to eliminate rotational effects, we also demonstrate that the finite-volume effect reduces the deconfining temperature relative to the infinite-volume limit. Comparisons between our results and those from various lattice simulations and phenomenological models suggest that controversy remains over how the deconfining phase transition is modified by real rotation and further work is required to reach a definite conclusion.
