AI 中文总结
本研究通过回放实验和耦合移动振子模型，发现两种蛙类合唱的时空结构取决于鸣叫频率相似性，频率差异大时形成同种双簇反相同步，相似时则受干扰。
AI 中文摘要
同步现象广泛存在于物理学和生物学的各种系统中。雄性蛙类的合唱被认为是生物同步的一个典型例子，其中实现了组织良好的时间结构，即相邻个体之间的反相同步。鉴于雄性蛙类发出声音是为了向竞争者宣示领地，蛙类合唱中相位动力学与空间坐标应当相互耦合。在本研究中，我们考察了由雄性日本树蛙和其他发声动物组成的合唱中的时空动力学。首先，我们使用真实蛙类进行了回放实验，观察到雄性日本树蛙与相似频率的刺激呈反相同步，但不与差异很大的频率刺激同步。其次，我们将两种蛙类的合唱建模为耦合移动振子系统，并数值评估了时空结构如何依赖于鸣叫频率的相似性。模型的数值模拟表明：（1）当两种蛙类的鸣叫频率分布差异很大时，同种个体之间建立双簇反相同步；（2）当鸣叫频率分布相似时，双簇反相同步受到干扰。这些结果突显了所提出模型中各种时空模式的出现，表明不同权重的排斥效应在时空模式变化中的重要性。
英文摘要
Synchronization can be observed in various systems in physics and biology. The choruses of male frogs are known as an example of biological synchronization in which the well-organized temporal structure, i.e., anti-phase synchronization between neighbors, is realized. Given that male frogs produce sounds to advertise their territories to competitors, the dynamics of phases and spatial coordinates should be mutually coupled in the frog choruses. In this study, we examined the spatio-temporal dynamics in the choruses consisting of male Japanese tree frogs and other acoustic animals. First, we carried out playback experiments using actual frogs and observed that male Japanese tree frog synchronized in anti-phase with the stimuli of a similar frequency but did not synchronize with the stimuli of a much different frequency. Second, we modeled the choruses with two species as a system of coupled mobile oscillators and numerically evaluated how the spatio-temporal structure depends on the similarity of call frequencies. Numerical simulations of the model showed that (1) the two-cluster antisynchronization is established in the same species when the distributions of call frequencies are much different between two species and (2) the two-cluster antisynchronization is disturbed when the distributions of call frequencies are similar. These results highlight the occurrence of various spatio-temporal patterns in the proposed model, indicating the importance of repulsive effects with different weights on the variation of the spatio-temporal patterns.
