非厄米微观模拟中的霍金辐射
Hawking Radiation in non-Hermitian Microscopic Analogues
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University（乌得勒支大学理论物理研究所）
- Utrecht University（乌得勒支大学）
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University（乌普萨拉大学物理与天文系）
- Uppsala University（乌普萨拉大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文提出费米子紧束缚链耦合马尔可夫库的微观开放量子系统，模拟黑洞性质，通过非厄米极限和费米子高斯南部扩展，展示霍金辐射的关联特征。
AI中文摘要：
非厄米系统近来已成为实现黑洞物理的便捷平台。在此，我们提出一个微观开放量子系统，即耦合到马尔可夫库的费米子紧束缚链，用以模拟黑洞性质。由此产生的二次林德布拉德算子允许一个有效的非厄米极限，该极限产生一个具有非互易次近邻跳跃的增益和损耗晶格模型。完整林德布拉德算子的快度谱形成倾斜的例外锥，这些锥定义了有效的Painlevé-Gullstrand几何，并分为黑洞和白洞扇区，而稳态粒子密度和电流在视界位置保留清晰的印记。然后我们分析由微观量子系统产生的有效非厄米哈密顿量。双正交通量识别出射的外部和内部通道。最后，我们引入费米子高斯南部扩展，并通过频率分辨散射、非局域密度-密度关联和反常霍金伙伴振幅来构建霍金对见证者。由此产生的关联显示模拟霍金辐射特征，而频率分辨的霍金伙伴关联满足费米子协方差正性约束。这些结果建立了微观开放系统动力学、涌现非厄米几何和费米子多体探针之间的连接，以探测模拟霍金辐射。
英文摘要：
Non-Hermitian systems have recently emerged as a convenient platform to realize black-hole physics. Here, we propose a microscopic open quantum system, namely a fermionic tight-binding chain coupled to Markovian reservoirs, which emulates black-hole properties. The resulting quadratic Lindbladian admits an effective non-Hermitian limit that produces a gain and loss lattice model with a non-reciprocal next-nearest-neighbor hopping. The rapidity spectrum of the full Lindbladian forms tilted exceptional cones that define an effective Painlevé-Gullstrand geometry and separates into black-hole and white-hole sectors, while steady-state particle densities and currents retain clear signatures at the horizon positions. We then analyze the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian that arise from the microscopic quantum system. The biorthogonal flux identifies the outgoing exterior and interior channels. Finally, we introduce a fermionic Gaussian Nambu extension and formulate Hawking-pair witnesses through frequency-resolved scattering, nonlocal density-density correlations, and anomalous Hawking-partner amplitudes. The resulting correlations display analogue Hawking radiation signatures, while the frequency-resolved Hawking-partner correlations satisfy the fermionic covariance-positivity constraint. These results establish a connection between microscopic open-system dynamics, emergent non-Hermitian geometry, and fermionic many-body probes of analogue Hawking radiation.
