来自味对称性的最小自发重子产生
Minimal spontaneous baryogenesis from flavor
- INFN Sezione di Roma（意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部）
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza（罗马第一大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文提出最小Froggatt-Nielsen机制通过自发CPT破坏和B-L破坏过程产生宇宙重子不对称性，将味起源与重子不对称性和中微子质量直接联系，并验证了观测值。
AI中文摘要：
在其最小实现中，Froggatt-Nielsen（FN）机制通过水平$U(1)_H$对称性的自发破缺来解决标准模型（SM）的味之谜。如果$U(1)_H$是全局的且在暴胀结束前破缺，它会产生一个具有均匀初始错位的赝Nambu-Goldstone玻色子（类轴子粒子），其随后的相干演化在SM扇区中引发自发的$CPT$破坏。我们证明，在存在$B-L$破坏过程的情况下——这里通过负责轻中微子质量的五维Weinberg算符以模型无关的方式参数化——最小FN设置可以产生宇宙的重子不对称性（BAU），将味的起源直接与BAU和轻中微子质量联系起来。通过求解SM不对称性的完整演化方程组，我们证明该机制可以轻易产生与观测值相当的重子不对称性，甚至超过观测值几个数量级。考虑到来自轴子衰变的重子等曲率和熵稀释，我们发现对于轴子振荡温度高于$10^{11}$ GeV且轴子衰变常数范围从$10^{13\cdots 14}$ GeV到高于$10^{17}$ GeV的情况，观测到的BAU可以被成功重现。最后，虽然我们专注于全局$U(1)_H$对称性和标准错位产生的轴子运动，但我们的框架可以轻松扩展到其他全局水平对称性和任意轴子运动。
英文摘要：
In its minimal realization, the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism addresses the Standard Model (SM) flavor puzzle via the spontaneous breaking of a horizontal $U(1)_H$ symmetry. If $U(1)_H$ is global and broken before the end of inflation, it gives rise to a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (axion-like particle) with a homogeneous initial misalignment, whose subsequent coherent evolution sources spontaneous $CPT$ violation in the SM sector. We show that in the presence of $B-L$-violating processes $-$ parametrized here model-independently via the dimension-five Weinberg operator responsible for light neutrino masses $-$ the minimal FN setup can generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU), linking the origin of flavor directly to the BAU and neutrino masses. Solving a complete set of evolution equations for SM asymmetries, we demonstrate that this mechanism can readily yield a baryon asymmetry comparable to the observed value, or even exceeding it by several orders of magnitude. Accounting for baryonic isocurvature and entropy dilution from axion decays, we find that the observed BAU is successfully reproduced for axion oscillation temperatures above $10^{11}$ GeV and axion decay constants ranging from $10^{13\cdots 14}$ GeV to above $10^{17}$ GeV. Finally, while we focus on a global $U(1)_H$ symmetry and axion motion from standard misalignment, our framework is readily extendable to other global horizontal symmetries and arbitrary axion motion.
