发表机构
Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad; Florida Atlantic University（印度理工学院（ISMD）丹巴德分校; 佛罗里达大西洋大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究提出并验证了一种GPU加速平面WCSPH求解器，首次模拟弹道速度下运动圆盘穿透受限液体通道，通过势流解、声反射系数和收敛性研究界定了其运行区间，实现了快速参数化设计探索。
AI 中文摘要
水动力冲压（HRAM）载荷在冲击力学中仍是一个持续存在的挑战，这与其说是因为其物理过程奇特，不如说是因为在降阶表示中难以实现令人信服的定量一致性。现有研究通常采用单一网格和边界处理方法，并仅针对一个实验数据集进行验证，这导致无法确定所取得的一致性究竟反映了真实的物理保真度，还是补偿性的离散化误差。本研究提出了一种平面二维、GPU加速的WCSPH求解器，采用Adami型虚粒子边界条件，并首次将其扩展应用于以弹道速度穿透受限液体通道的运动减速圆盘。该边界条件与专门推导的势流附加质量解以及钢-水界面处的解析声反射系数进行了对比检验；这一探索揭示了刚性状态方程和空化截断对求解器运行区间在定量一致性上的可识别界定。三点分辨率收敛研究表明，近探针压力峰值呈现非单调性，这归因于有界的虚流体密度不一致性。全面的系数扫描、守恒诊断和O(N) GPU吞吐量扩展性测试实现了在三维中不切实际的详尽表征。与900米/秒和600米/秒下的文献证据进行的定性比较，厘清了承力要素与近似要素。值得注意的是，能量诊断显示在模拟窗口内总能量有适度增长，流体吸收的能量不成比例地多于弹体释放的能量——这是预设的、无反向作用的弹体运动学的一个有启发性的特征，有助于描绘该公式的运行包络。所得到的求解器虽然局限于平面几何，但提供了经过验证、收敛性检查的性能，非常适合快速参数化设计探索。
英文摘要
Hydrodynamic ram (HRAM) loading remains a persistent challenge in impact mechanics, less due to exotic physics than to the difficulty of achieving convincing quantitative agreement in reduced-order representations. Prevailing studies typically employ a single mesh and boundary treatment validated against one experimental dataset, leaving unresolved whether agreement reflects genuine fidelity or compensating discretization errors. This work presents a planar 2D, GPU-accelerated WCSPH solver employing an Adami-type ghost-particle boundary condition, extended for the first time to a moving, decelerating disk penetrating a confined liquid channel at ballistic velocity. The boundary condition is examined against a purpose-derived potential-flow added-mass solution and the analytical acoustic reflection coefficient at the steel-water interface; this exploration reveals that the stiff equation of state and cavitation cutoff impose identifiable delineation of the solver's operating regime on quantitative agreement. A three-point resolution convergence study reveals a non-monotone near-probe pressure peak, attributed to a bounded ghost-fluid density inconsistency. A comprehensive coefficient sweep, conservation diagnostics, and O(N) GPU throughput scaling enable exhaustive characterization impractical in 3D. Qualitative comparison against literature evidence at 900 and 600m/s clarifies load bearing versus approximate elements. Notably, energy diagnostics reveal a modest total energy growth over the simulated window, with the fluid absorbing disproportionately more energy than the projectile relinquishes - an instructive signature of prescribed, non-back-reacting projectile kinematics that helps map the formulation's operating envelope. The resulting solver, while confined to planar geometry, delivers verified, convergence-checked performance well suited for rapid parametric design exploration.
Comments47 pages, 12 figures
