超新星联合：Ia型超新星的宿主星系质量测量及其对宇宙学的影响
Supernovae Unite: Host-Galaxy Mass Measurements of Type Ia Supernovae and Their Impact on Cosmology
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究将Pantheon+与DES-SN5YR合并为含2884个Ia型超新星的最大样本，采用一致框架重新测量宿主星系质量，提升了宇宙学约束的稳健性，使暗能量演化显著性从2.6σ升至3.4σ。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
当前共识表明，Ia型超新星（SN Ia）经光变曲线标准化后的亮度与其宿主星系恒星质量相关，为获得准确的宇宙学约束必须考虑这一关联。Vincenzi等人（2025）指出，同一数据集的不同宿主星系恒星质量测量结果可产生约0.01星等的红移相关差异。我们对SN-Unite项目的宿主星系恒星质量进行了重新测量，采用口径测光和光谱能量分布（SED）拟合方法，确保测量结果内部一致；SN-Unite项目将Pantheon+与暗能量巡五年（DES-SN5YR）样本合并，形成了迄今最大的Ia型超新星宇宙学样本，包含2884个可能的Ia型超新星。我们量化了测光和SED拟合选择对SN-Unite在Flat$w$CDM模型中宇宙学参数的影响，发现其偏移远低于统计不确定度。我们的恒星质量与Pantheon+数据发布版本存在差异，部分原因是Pantheon+内部存在红移相关的不一致，而与DES-SN5YR（DES-Dovekie）基本一致。当SN-Unite中的Pantheon+子样本与重子声学振荡（BAO）和宇宙微波背景（CMB）测量结合时，若用我们新推导的宿主星系恒星质量替换Pantheon+数据发布版本的宿主星系恒星质量，基于最大后验概率，随时间演化的暗能量的显著性从2.6σ提升至3.4σ，而DES-Dovekie几乎无变化，与Hoyt等人（2026）的研究结果一致。通过在整个样本中使用一致框架重新测量宿主星系恒星质量，我们提高了SN-Unite宇宙学约束对宿主星系恒星质量测量系统差异的稳健性。
英文摘要
Current consensus suggests that Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) brightnesses post light-curve standardization correlate with their host-galaxy stellar masses, which must be accounted for to obtain accurate cosmological constraints. For example, Vincenzi et al. (2025) showed that different host-galaxy stellar mass measurements for the same dataset produce redshift-dependent differences of order $\sim 0.01$ mag, large enough to appreciably shift cosmological constraints. We present internally consistent host-galaxy stellar masses remeasured using aperture photometry and spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting for SN-Unite, which combines the spectroscopic Pantheon+ and the photometric Dark Energy Survey five-year (DES-SN5YR) samples into the largest SN Ia cosmology sample to date, with 2884 likely SNe Ia. We find that photometry and SED fitting choices shift SN-Unite Flat$w$CDM parameters well below statistical uncertainties. Our stellar masses differ from the Pantheon+ data release partly due to a redshift-dependent internal inconsistency within Pantheon+, while remaining largely consistent with the DES-SN5YR (DES-Dovekie) data release. When the Pantheon+ subsample of SN-Unite is combined with Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements, the significance for time-evolving dark energy increases from 3.4$σ$ to 4.0$σ$ based on the maximum a posteriori when our newly derived host-galaxy stellar masses replace the Pantheon+ data-release host-galaxy stellar masses, while DES-Dovekie remains virtually unchanged, consistent with the findings of Hoyt et al. (2026). By remeasuring the host-galaxy stellar masses using a consistent framework throughout the whole sample, we improve the robustness of the SN-Unite cosmological constraints against systematic differences in host-galaxy stellar mass measurements.
发表机构
- University of Wisconsin Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校）
- University of Queensland（昆士兰大学）
- University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa（夏威夷大学马诺阿分校）
- Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC)（空间科学研究所（ICE-CSIC））
- Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院（IEEC））
- University of Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚大学）
- University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin（都柏林三一学院，都柏林大学）
- Universidad Arturo Prat（阿图罗·普拉特大学）
- Duke University（杜克大学）
- University of Oxford（牛津大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
