体相与表面竞争停止机制下的扩散
Diffusion under competing bulk and surface stopping mechanisms
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究针对有界域内的反射扩散,探究体相指数衰减与表面反应两种竞争停止机制下的停止时间、边界局部时的分布、联合拉普拉斯变换及混合矩,建立了相关恒等式,明确竞争速率对统计量的控制作用,并通过模拟验证了规律。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们研究有界域内的反射扩散,该扩散受两种独立的竞争停止机制支配:体相寿命服从指数分布,速率为$p$;当边界局部时超过速率为$q$的独立指数阈值时,触发表面反应。以$T$表示停止时间,$L$表示停止时获得的边界局部时,我们推导了它们的边际分布、联合拉普拉斯变换及完整的混合矩层级。这些统计量由表面反应发生在体相衰变之前的分裂概率$\phi$决定。特别地,我们建立恒等式$p\expect{T}+q\expect{L}=1$,并证明累积风险$pT+qL$服从单位速率的指数分布。我们还根据罗宾-拉普拉斯算子和广义斯特克洛夫谱得到了$\phi$的等价表示。三维球的显式结果揭示了竞争速率$p,q$如何控制$\phi$和$(T,L)$统计量。蒙特卡罗模拟验证了该普适累积风险定律。
英文摘要
We investigate reflected diffusion in a bounded domain subject to two independent, competing stopping mechanisms: an exponentially distributed bulk lifetime of rate $p$ and a surface reaction triggered when the boundary local time exceeds an independent exponential threshold of rate $q$. Denoting by $T$ the stopping time and by $L$ the acquired boundary local time at stopping, we derive their marginal distributions, joint Laplace transform, and complete hierarchy of mixed moments. These statistics are determined by the splitting probability $ϕ$ that surface reaction occurs before bulk decay. In particular, we establish the identity $p\expect{T}+q\expect{L}=1$ and show that the cumulative risk $pT+qL$ is exponentially distributed with unit rate. We further obtain equivalent representations of $ϕ$ in terms of the Robin-Laplacian and the generalized Steklov spectra. Explicit results for a three-dimensional ball reveal how competing rates $p,q$ control $ϕ$ and the $(T,L)$ statistics. Monte Carlo simulations test the universal cumulative-risk law.
发表机构
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS – École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris(凝聚态物质物理实验室,法国国家科学研究中心–巴黎综合理工学院,巴黎理工学院)
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