发表机构
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University; Department of Physics, University of Warwick（剑桥大学卡文迪许实验室; 卡迪夫大学物理与天文系; 华威大学物理系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究采用同位素纯化双NV纳米金刚石与定制量子传感芯片，实现纳米尺度测温灵敏度提升一个数量级，可观测纳米级瞬态加热，为生命系统热波动监测及纳米催化剂性能评估提供了技术支持。
AI 中文摘要
纳米尺度瞬态事件的精准温度读数极具挑战，原因在于现有传感器灵敏度较低。含氮-空位（NV）色心的纳米金刚石已被用于复杂环境（包括活细胞内部）的纳米尺度测温，但其性能受限于短相干时间和低光子计数。本研究采用同位素纯化的双NV纳米金刚石及定制量子传感芯片，实现了温度测量灵敏度较此前报告提升一个数量级。我们展示了误差为682 μK的可靠温度测量，实验灵敏度低于50 mK/√Hz，散粒噪声受限灵敏度为9.6 mK/√Hz。为验证这些高性能纳米温度计的实用性，我们量化了测温测量本身（即用于探测NV自旋态的光激发激光）引起的温度变化；此外，我们在纳米尺度直接观测到二甲基亚砜与水放热混合导致的瞬态加热。亚毫开尔文分辨率及毫开尔文灵敏度的测温技术，为监测生命系统中的微小热波动、评估纳米尺度催化剂性能提供了可能。
英文摘要
Accurate temperature readings of transient events at the nanometer scale are challenging due to the low sensitivity of available sensors. Nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers have been used for nanoscale thermometry in complex environments, including inside living cells. However, their performance has been limited by short coherence times and low photon counts. In this work, we use isotopically-purified dual-NV nanodiamonds and a bespoke quantum sensing chip to showcase an order of magnitude improvement in temperature measurement sensitivity compared with previous reports. We demonstrate robust temperature measurements with an error of 682 $μ$K, experimental sensitivities below 50 mK/$\surd \text{Hz}$ and a shot-noise limited sensitivity of 9.6 mK/$\surd \text{Hz}$. To confirm the utility of these high-performance nanothermometers, we quantify the temperature change induced by the thermometry measurement itself, specifically the optical excitation laser used to probe the NV spin state. In addition, we observe directly at the nanometre scale the transient heating caused by the exothermic mixing of dimethyl sulfoxide in water. Sub-millikelvin resolution and millikelvin sensitivity thermometry unlock the possibility of monitoring minute thermal fluctuations in living systems and assessing catalyst performance at the nanometre scale.
Comments8 pages, 3 figures
