旋转热介质中的标量传播子：一致性检验与应用
Scalar propagator in a rotating thermal medium: Consistency checks and applications
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa（墨西哥自治大学伊察帕拉帕分校）
- Universidad Central de Chile（智利中央大学）
- Universidad San Sebastián（圣塞巴斯蒂安大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
该研究推导全局旋转热介质中的标量传播子并完成一致性检验，将其应用于有限温度旋转下的λφ⁴理论，发现旋转可增强对称性恢复效应，凸显需保留其位置空间结构。
AI中文摘要：
我们推导了全局旋转热介质中标量传播子的形式，未将时空点限制在共同的共动轨迹上。所得传播子保留了对径向坐标的显式依赖，反映出横向平面缺乏平移不变性，因此通常无法仅在动量空间中构建。我们证明，在无旋转极限下会精确恢复通常的自由费曼传播子，为该形式体系提供了首次一致性检验。作为非平凡检验，我们将该传播子应用于有限温度与旋转下的相互作用λφ⁴理论。在松原形式体系中得到的单圈标量自能可正确分离为真空贡献与介质贡献，且当Ω→0时会重现标准有限温度结果。我们随后构建了包含环重整化带来的屏蔽效应的有效势，并在Ω/T≪1的情况下，计算了至𝒪(Ω⁴)阶的旋转修正。在该模型中，所得有效势展现出自发破缺的ℤ₂对称性预期的热恢复，而全局旋转有利于对称性恢复，且随系统横向尺寸增大会增强该效应。这些结果为旋转标量传播子提供了补充一致性检验，并凸显了在更一般的微扰计算中保留其显式位置空间结构的必要性。
英文摘要：
We derive the scalar propagator in a thermal medium under global rotation without restricting the spacetime points to a common comoving trajectory. The resulting propagator retains an explicit dependence on the radial coordinates, reflecting the lack of translational invariance in the transverse plane, and therefore cannot in general be formulated solely in momentum space. We show that the usual free Feynman propagator is exactly recovered in the nonrotating limit, providing a first consistency check of the formulation. As a nontrivial test, we apply the propagator to the interacting $λϕ^4$ theory at finite temperature and rotation. The one-loop scalar self-energy obtained within the Matsubara formalism correctly separates into vacuum and medium contributions and reproduces the standard finite-temperature result when $Ω\to0$. We subsequently construct the effective potential including screening effects through ring resummation and, for $Ω/T\ll1$, evaluate the rotational corrections up to $\mathcal{O}(Ω^4)$. Within this model, the resulting effective potential exhibits the expected thermal restoration of the spontaneously broken $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, while global rotation favors symmetry restoration and enhances this effect as the transverse size of the system increases. These results provide complementary consistency checks of the rotating scalar propagator and highlight the need to retain its explicit position-space structure in more general perturbative calculations.
