发表机构
University of Pennsylvania; Hokkaido University; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)（宾夕法尼亚大学; 北海道大学; 日本海洋地球科学技术机构）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对冰水系统中温度场解析的实验局限，提出基于物理的数据同化方法，耦合平流-扩散与冰传导重建温度场，可用于冰冻圈及工业相变过程研究。
AI 中文摘要
当液态水与冰相互作用时，是什么控制着热输运？回答这个问题对于理解发生相变的水体至关重要。然而，由于缺乏一种微创的方法来同时解析耦合液态水与非等温冰系统中的温度场，实验进展仍然受限。在此，我们提出一种基于物理的数据同化方法，用于重建与非等温冰相互作用的浮力驱动流中的温度场。粒子图像测速法提供液态速度场，热和运动学边界条件约束逆问题。该方法将液态水的平流-扩散与冰中的传导耦合，以重建同时的平均温度场并量化跨水-冰界面的热输运，同时保持微创性且与自由表面系统兼容。我们在实验室实验中演示了该方法，其中与冰接触的液态水的温度范围驱动了因密度差导致的对流。该框架可用于研究冰冻圈水生系统中的耦合热流体动力学，包括冰-水界面的热交换和液相能量学，在食品和能源工业的相变过程中也有更广泛的应用。
英文摘要
What controls heat transport when liquid water interacts with ice? Answering this question is essential for understanding water bodies undergoing phase change. Yet experimental progress remains limited by the lack of a minimally invasive methodology for simultaneously resolving temperature fields in coupled liquid water and non-isothermal ice systems. Here, we introduce a physics-based data-assimilation method for reconstructing temperature fields in buoyancy-driven flows interacting with non-isothermal ice. Particle tracking velocimetry provides the liquid velocity field, while thermal and kinematic boundary conditions constrain the inverse problem. The method couples advection--diffusion in liquid water with conduction in ice to reconstruct simultaneous mean temperature fields and quantify heat transport across the water--ice interface, while remaining minimally invasive and compatible with free-surface systems. We demonstrate the method in laboratory experiments in which the temperature range across the liquid water in contact with ice drives cabbeling-induced convection. This framework enables investigation of coupled thermo-fluid dynamics in cryospheric aquatic systems, including heat exchange at the ice-water interface and liquid-phase energetics, with broader applications to phase-change processes in food and energy industries.
Comments17 pages, 10 figures
