两相六端口马赫-曾德尔干涉仪中的三光子及混合相干-福克干涉
Three-Photon and Hybrid Coherent-Fock Interference in a Two-Phase Six-Port Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究对带两个相位调制器的六端口马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的三光子及混合相干-福克干涉开展理论分析，推导其传输矩阵与输出概率分布，证实该装置可作为三方量子态操控及相干振幅传感的可编程平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们对由两个级联分束器（tritter）构成、分束器臂间放置两个独立相位调制器的六端口马赫-曾德尔干涉仪（6p-MZI）中的三光子量子干涉进行了统一理论分析。我们解析推导了6p-MZI的传输矩阵，表明其可分为三类对称组，由分束器的离散傅里叶变换（DFT）结构及共轭关系决定。此外，我们分析了两种输入 regime：其一，三个不可区分的单光子注入分束器，输出概率分布P₍₁₁₁₎、P₍{300}₎和P₍{210}₎被推导为两个相对相位（φ₁, φ₂）的函数；当φ₂=0时，恢复单相极限，证实均匀分布条纹的可见度为100%。其二，通过密度矩阵形式分析混合相干-福克输入|α⟩₁|α⟩₂|1⟩₃，各输出端口的平均光子数呈现与振幅相关的相移。我们的结果确立6p-MZI为用于三方量子态操控及相干振幅传感的可编程平台。
英文摘要
We present a unified theoretical analysis of three-photon quantum interference in a Six-Port Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (6p-MZI) constructed from two cascaded tritters, with two independent phase modulators placed between the tritter arms. We analytically derive the transfer matrix of the 6p-MZI and show how they organize into three symmetry classes, governed by the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) structure of the tritter and the conjugate relations. Furthermore, we analyze two input regimes: First, three indistinguishable single photons are injected into the tritter, and the output probability distributions $P_{[111]}$, $P_{[\{300\}]}$, and $P_{[\{210\}]}$ are derived as functions of the two relative phases $(ϕ_1, ϕ_2)$. At $ϕ_2 = 0$, the single-phase limit is recovered, which confirms 100\% visibility of the even-distribution fringe. Second, a hybrid coherent-Fock input $|α\rangle_1|α\rangle_2|1\rangle_3$ is analyzed via the density matrix formalism. The average photon number at each output port exhibits amplitude-dependent phase shifts. Our results establish the 6p-MZI as a programmable platform for tripartite quantum state manipulation and coherent amplitude sensing.
发表机构
- Prince of Songkla University（宋卡王子大学）
- Universiti Malaysia Perlis（玻璃市马来西亚大学）
- Bina Nusantara (BINUS) University（比纳努桑塔拉大学）
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